
Class. 
Book. 



COPYRIGKT DEPOSIT 



^IMPERIAL GRAMDM! 



The Most Reliable Food foa Nursing 

Mothers, Intants, Children, Invalids, 
convalesoents and the aoed. 



§«► 



PIGTfefRCSQfeiC 



) o 




d^H 



lUastrated Guide 



T5 THE 



City of Boston. 




Q 0- 





Ul 111 III I" * ''"'T'^Uiifi 



#M 






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''m///'''m 



WK 



J. A. & R. A. REID, PUBLISHERS, 

^.aPKOVlIiENCE, K. I.Kia® 



\ 



NEW ENGLAND NEWS COMPANY, 



MACHINERY «-- A. B. PIT KIN/ Ig/^fstpa .!'.!?' 



IMIBJ MiOST OKI^IOH'rE^UI^ 



-1^1 



OCEAN ^ TRIPS T 



ARE MADE VIA THE 



Boston, Biimoie jlJoilt Steanistt H 

The trip out and back by the sat^iT^eamer is n,";^r^ht days, and affords two days at Bal- 

"'"°ra"n.r itfclnL Wharf every Wednesday and Saturday at . o'clocU p. m. Returning, 
leave Baltimore every Monday and Thursday, Norfolk one day later. 

Oup fleet comprises the following first-class ships : 

DORCHESTER, 2,800 Tons, Capt. Howes. CHATHAM. 2,800 Tons. Capt. March. 
D. H. MILLER, 2,500 Tons, Capt. Taylor. 

PASSENGER ACCOMMODATIONS ARE UNSURPASSED. 

For rates of passage and reservation of staterooms, please address, 

GEO. E. SMALLEY, General Agent, 

Central Wharf, Boston, 

C. p. GAITHER, Soliciting Agt. 

290 Washington Street. 



THE WM. ROGERS MFG. CO., 

MANUFACTURERS OF- 

THE CELEBRATED ^ ROGERS GQODS, 

THE_BEST_1LECTR0_S^^ 
WARETHATMSjyiADE^^ 
^^ SURE TO BUI OUR MAKE OF GOOD S^ 

TEA SETS CAKE BASKETS, CARD STANDS, BONBON BOXES AND TRAYS, 
BERRY DISHES.' CASTERS, PICKLES, ETC.. ETC. SPOONS, FORKS, KNIVES, 
LADLES, CARVERS, SHELLS, ETC., ETC. 

FACTORY : 

N°- 66 MARKET STREET, HARTFORD, CONN.' 

p. O. DRAWER, 30. . 

i ^_ "'^3 1 - ^* 

*n7TrIlT0 PERSONAL ATTENTION. A. H- SPENCER, 

I A I tN I Ul MODERATE CHARGES. 28 State St.. Boston. 



GLENWOOD 




-IN EITHER- 



R .ilL MT Gr E;, 

Parlop Stove of OlaFm Air Farnaee, 

IS THE ACKNOWLEDGED STANDARD. 

Thousands have been sold and their merits are known and praised by all who use them 

FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE PACIFIC- 
NO FAMILY CAN AFFORD TO BE WITHOUT A CLENWOOD. 

See them before you buy, and if they are not sold in your vicinity, write to the manufacturers for 

circulars and prices. 

WEIR STOVE CO., TAUNTON, MASS. 



Graceful Form I 




^&f^ ^^€us6 



HEALTH 

and I PERFECTLY 

COMFORT I COMBINED IN 
MADAME FOY'S 

SkirtSu pporti ng Corset 

It is one of the most popular iu the market aud for sale by 
all leading dealers. Price by mail $1,-JI). 

FOY, HARMON & CHADWICK, New Haven, Conn. 




For LAlilES and MISSES, BOYS and 
GIKLS. 

THE VERY BEST GARI>IE>T EVER MADE. 

ll/IJV Because it SnpportN StorkinKS and Uiiilpr. 
Wni ■ clothes from the SIIOUr.l>Ki«.S, has no 
■ ■ ■■ ■ ■ „tii| cordM, tits beautifully aud with perfect 
ease and freeiloiii. For sale by leadini^ dealers. 
Send for illustrated price list. 

FOY, HARMON & CHADWICK, New Haven, Conn 



The Leading PIANO-FORTES of the World 



>A.RB THE^ 



Shoninger Pianos. 

ESTABLISHED 1850. 

Because they are the Best Now Made. No other can Compete with them. 

Will Sing Their Own Praise. 

Facts which cannot he better demonstrated than hy th<i use of these 
celehruted matrnments, which have become so popular among the miisic- 
lovini; public. 

The Shoiiinser (■rand Upright Cabinet Pianos are coustruot- 
ed fiHim the musician's stiindpoint as well as that of the mechanic, aud are 
distinguished for tht-ir pure and resonant quality of tone, containing- the 
Krtiatpst musical possibilities. As the best work and best material invari- 
ably insure the best results, the SIinniiiAor l*inno!4 stand pre-eminently 
in the front rank, having achieved the Kraudest success iu musical science 
ever knowu to this soul-inspiring- art, aud are unsurpassed by any Piano- 
Fortes ever made. 

They have been pronounced by experienced connoisseurs to be the 
embodiment of perfection, aud are esjieiially adapted to withstand the 
SEVEKEST CLIMATIC CHANGES, close attention beinx paid to this 




important feature. 

EVERY PIANO FULLY WARRANTED. 

In places vrhere we have no nnthorized Ag:eiits we sell 
direct from the Factory to the Consumer. A liberal discount 
allowed. ^^T Send for beautifully illustrated Catalogues aud any desired 
information. 

Highest Honors Awarded at the U. S. Centennial Exhibition at Phila- 
delphia, 1876; Exposition Universelle de 1878, Paris; Rotterdam, 1883; and 
at State and Agricultural Fairs where our instntmenta have been exhibited. 

For full particulars address, 



^B. SHONINGER CO.^ 

Factories at Ne'w Haven, Conn. 

Warerooms, 86 Fifth Ave., near 14th St., N. Y., 215 State St., Chicago, III., U. S. A. 



r 

o 

o 
o 

z 



09 



d 

09 

o 

1 



o 

s 

0) 




Ghapman Granite Works, 



WESTERLY. R. I. 



-$©$- 



HIHOBIAL 




HN THE^ 



Original White Westerly Granite, 




Erttsttr Be stsns* 

/. FINE STATUARY a Specialty. 

IWoDomental and Building Work. 

OV QUARRIES AND MAIN OFFICE, 



Branoln Office, 



43 Boylston Street, BOSTON. 




Awarded them by the Universal Expositions'at Paris, Fiance, 
in 1867 and 1878. 

Works Founded In 1832. 



B. DOUGLAS, Prest. 

B. DOUGLAS, JR., Paymaster. 



J. M. DOUGLAS. Sec'y and Treas. 
EDW'D DOUGLAS, Ass't Sec. 



W. & B. DOUGLAS, 



MANUFACTURERS OF 





PunMHlcBanis, 

PUMP CHAIN and FIXTURES, 

WELL CURBS, HYDRANTS, Etc. 
MIDDIETOWN, CONN. 




BRANCH WAREHOUSES: 



85 and 87 John St., New York. 1 97 Lake St., Chicago. 



Higbest Jfedal awarded them at VieDna, Austria, m 1873 ; Phiila- 
delphia, in 1876 ; Melbeui-ne, Australia, 1881. 




ALLEN & ROWELL, 
Portrait Photographers, 

25 Winter St., Boston, 



Over Chandler 



Use the Elevator 



FOR THE TRADE AND AMATEURS. 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. 

These Plates are the lightest and best in use. No Breakage ! No Curling! 

No Weight ! Print Either Side ! 
Send for prices or samples. 

ALLEN 8z ROWELL, 

25 Winter Street, Boston. 




BROWN'S 

FRENCH 

DRESSING 

FOH 

LADIES' AND CHILDEEN'8 
BOOTS AND SHOES. 

Awarded highest hono7'8 at 

Phila., 187R 1 Melbourne, 1880 

Berlin, 1877 Franklbrt, 1881 

Paris, 1878 | Amsterdam, 1883 

New Orleans, 1884-85. 

Paris Medal on every bottle. 
Beware of ImitatioDS. 



SALUTING CANNON OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. 




BREECH and MUZZLE LOADING, 

MOUNTED ON YACHT AND FIELD CARRIAGES. 

Beautifully designed and finished. They are not only 

effective but highly ornamental for YachtorLawu. 

Send for Circular and Price-LiHt. 

STRONG FIRE ARMS CO., 

83 COURT ST., NEW HAVEN, CONN., U. S. A. 



Dr. James M. Solomon, Jr.'s Botanical Medical institute 

75 Court St. (Scoilay Sq.), Boston, Mass. 

INDIAN BOTANICAL REMEDIES 

KootB, Herbs, Gums and Barks chiefly use*!. Dr. Solomon trents all CllRONlC 
Diseases, makes a speclulty nf Lung "roubles. Cancers, 1'umoks. Kpilep- 
Tic Fits, Rheumatism, Neuralgia, St. Vitus Dance, spinal Complaints, 
Hemorrhage of Lungs, kczrma and all Skin Diseases, Kidney and 
Liver Troubles and a'l Uiseases op the Blood. Piles and Fistula cured 
without the use of the kiille aud cure guaranteed. Coasultaiiup free. ^^ 




App€>intineiits Firsc-t]lnsN. 



K:E^IVr>r«IOK:, Manager, 

. Mechanics Hall, 

Mass. 



Steam Heal, 
Coiiiiitereial KateN. $i2 per day. 



MURPBY&fe- 

4 &«"??« 



<?> 



5b6 



BOSTON. 



iJii^e Magazine 



— .•S-AHD-f 



SooiC Jffu4>rrationj 

Portraits, MacJdnery, Buildings, Land- 
scapes, Plates for Color Printitig, 
Labels, Etc. 



CATARRH CURED BY ELECTRICITY! 



|Iiilli.llll.|iD&DSTaSOLO|IIOjl'S 

ELECTRIC 

Catarrh % Cure ! 

Is a quick and certain cure for 

Catarrh, Neuralgia, Headache, Hay 
Fever and Colds, 

And all kindred diseases. It clears the head, sweetens 
tbe breath and cures the disease in all its stages. 

The worst Nervous Headache Cured in from one to 
three minutes. 

Price, $1.00 per Bottle. 

ONE BOTTLE WAKRANTED TO CURE 
THE WORST CASE. 

Mrs. Dr. Augusta Solomon, 

75 Court Street, - Boston, RRass. 

The trade supplied by Weeks k Potter, Boston. 



NEWPORT & WICKFORD 

Railroads Steamboat Company. 

THE ONLY RAIL LINE BETWEEN NEWPORT and NEW YORK. 

Express Trains, with Elegant Drawing Room Cars, between 
Wickford Landing and New York. 



Tickets sold and baggage checked at Steamer Eoliis, Commercial Wharf, 
and at Transfer Company's Office, No. 4 Travers' Block, Bellevue Avenue, 
Newport. 

Drawing Room Chairs and Sleeping Car Berths can be secured at com- 
pany's office, Commercial Wharf. 



TIME-TABLE SUBJECT TO CHANGE. 
Junel,lfe89. Fiom Newport. 



Leave 

Newport 

Wickford 

Belleville 

Wickford Junction. Arr. 



5 3o 
638 
5 43 



9 40 
9 43 



A M A M 

7 30I10 20 

8 32111 22 
8 35!11 25 



9 471 8 40^11 30 



F M[ P M P M 
4 45 8 16 

4 32| 5 47 9 17 
4 35 6 60 9 20 
4 40! 5 55 9 26 



P M 

11 15 

12 17 
12 20 
12 25 



Wickford Junction ..Lve. 

Providence Arr. 

Boston Arr. 



5 43 9 64 8 43 2 46 

I) 60 10 46 9 16 j 16 

8 46 12 30 10 36 4 30 



.Lve. 



Wickford Junction, 

Kingston 

Wood River Junction 

Niantic 

Westerly 

Stoninjfton 

Mystic 

New London 

Saybrook 

New Haven 

Bridpreport 

South Norwalk 

Stamford 

New York Arr 



8 46 

m 



9 48 
10 02 
10 18 
10 25 
10 34 
10 43 

10 60 

11 20 

12 !0 
1 30 
1 67 



11 88 
11 49 



12 II 
12 20 



1 06 

1 40 

2 26 
2 67 



. . . 7 05 
3 30 4 30 8 00 



335 
3 46 

3 51 

4 20 
6 10 
5 

6 30 



4 44 6 06 9 28 

6 35 6 40 9 55 

7 00 8 00 1100 



4 63 6 28 
6 IC 
6 26 

5 33 
644 

6 (0 
6 10 
6 40 



9 06 
9 31 



7 46 

8 15 

9 00 
9 31 



6 02 
635 

7 00 



•^ 3 40 

4 35 
6 21 

5 48 

6 04 

7 00 



To Newport. 



Leave 

New York 

Stamford 

South Norwalk 

Bridgeport 

New Haven 

Saybrook 

New London 

Mystic 

Stouin^ton , 

Westerly 

Niantic 

Wood Siver Junction 

Kingston 

Wickford Junction. ..Arr. . 



8 30 
8 43 



Boston 

Providence 

Wickford June. 



.Lve. 
'.Arp. 



...17 45 10 001 
00I9 10 11 10 
4519 48 II 39! 



A M 

6 00. 
6 11 

6 3ll 

7 03 
7 60 
9 06 
9 35' 

10 06 
10 14 
10 23 
10 32 
10 44 

10 S4 

11 lu 



U 30 ... 
13 06 .... 
.,12 60 .... 
'•'' I 26:3 05 

1 '3 33 

1: 1 69 3 41 
2 07 3 61 

4 01 

4 09 

2 32 4 30 
2 46 4 44 



2 30 

3 05 

3 51 

4 3u 

5 01 

5 08 

6 18 



5 49 

6 05 



1 00 

2 211 
2 65 



PM 

5 00 



626 

6 55 

7 41 

8 10 



P M 

11 30 

12 20 
12 43 

1 12 

1 65 

2 51 

3 36 



Wickford Juno,, 

Belleville 

Wickford 

Newport 



11 40 
U 44 
11 47 
1 00 



3 5614 63 
3 00I4 68 

3 0315 03 

4 lot.... 



11 30 

12 50 
1 24 



930 
9 35 
9 .38 
10 40 



6 12 
6 17 

5 20 

6 25 



Connections : — 

At Wickford Junction, with New York, Providence & Boston Railroad. 
At Providence, for Boston and Worcester. 

At Kingston, tor Peacedale, Wakefield, and Narragansett Pier. 
At Wood River Junction, for Hope Valle)-. 

At Stonington, for Watch Hill, and Stonington Line Steamers for New York. 
At New London, for Norwich, Hartford, Springfield, Pittsfield, Alban\', and Sar- 
atoga, N. L. N. R. R. 

At Saybrook, for Hartford, Connecticut Valley R. R. 

At Bridgeport, for Great Barrington, Stockbridge, and Lenox, Housatonic R. R. 



B. GARDINER, Supt., 

PROriUENCE, R.I. 



C. U. COFFIN, Agent, 



NEWPORT, R. I. 



ARROWWANNA MILLS. 



Palmer's Patent Canopies. 



I 






PALMER'S 

PATENT THREAD 

Window Screen ! 

CLOTH, 

l>lore Durable tliait Wire. 



Plain or Decorated, 



Piano ©acks 



i¥||i»m§^#^_.- — ^^T 




AR.ROAVWANNA 

ITH VALANCK 
PALMER'S PATENT. 




■"-"'i-'aUiiallffi _. 

Cut No. l'.'ui— O. \ 




=JM^ v.>^ 



A!l styles made with or without 
Valance. 



PALMER'S PATENT. 



cm iJo. S'.»i 







Several decrees have already been takeu against iDfringers of this Hammock without the !nllo\v. _ Beware of all i 
Hammocks except thoae stamped *' Palmer's Pat "" — -- - 



luiH naiiiuiuuji %Yitiiuut me piilo%i . ijc 
B Pateut." Noue but the trade supplied, 



Manufacturer of Cotton Tissues, Crinoline Linings, Mosquito Netting, Window Screen Cloth, Ham- 
mocks, Canopies and Canopy Fixtures, School Bags, Self Adjusting Pulleys, Etc. 



®hc ^aknnft, 



IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIKIIIIIIIIIIIIIIilllllll 



SAKOJJUET POIJJT, * IilTTIiE COffiPTON, R. I. 

J. %. StOC'WM, Prep. 

Is now open for its Second Season, with more rooms and new 

attractions in Row Boats, Lawn Games, etc. 

House is situated directly on the ocean, and within a minute's 

walk of Steamer Queen City's landing. 

For circiihu' and particulars address, 

J. L. SLOCUM, 

Box 1034. Providence, R. I. 

Or. Little Compton, R. I. 



tJohnson's 



XjJLJDi:Ei3' JL1<TTJ O-EITTS' 



RESTAURANT, 

|lo. 43 Exchange Street, 




Passenger 



-AlVD- 



Kreio:ht 




ELEVATORS 

Friction Clutch Pulleys. 
HOISTING ENGINES and HOISTING MACHINERY. 




ELECTRIC MOTORS and DYNAMOS. 

THE D. FRISBIE CO., 




No. 112 Liberty Street, 

NEW YORK. 

No. 39 Dearborn Street, 

CHICAGO. {J 

Works, New Haven, 

CONN. 




Ileuil 



Something '^>' 

CORTICELLI WASH EMBY. 

(ON SPOOLS.) 
Ask for Corticelli E S Si^sa, 

And see that you get it. 






Nonotuck Silk Co., 

Sole Manufacturers . 



AFtifieial Teeth Withoat Plates I 

^^^j^^^^n^n^ 

SHEFFIELD'S CROWNING SYSTEM IS A PERFECT SUCCESS ! 

Tr'T avoids the pain of extraction ; it utilizes old roots which would otherwise be useless; it restores 
==- the mouth to its original beauty. 



W. W. SHEFFIELD, D. D. S., 

NEW LONDON, CONN. 



L. T. SHEFFIELD, D. M. D., 

26 WEST 32d ST., NEW YORK. 



Are the Inventors, Projectors and Proprietors of all the p-itents covering the above named system. 
Try it and satisfy yourself. Send for pamphlet, free. 



If you WoVild 5a\>e yoUr ^sIatUral TeetV;, Vi5e 

DR. SHEFFIELD'S CREME DENTIFRICE AND ELIXIR BALM 

Put up in Tubes, Jars and Bottles, in the most convenient form for traveling. They cleanse the 

teeth, perfume the breath, and prevent the accumulation of tartar and decay. 

Being /;-e/rt;-f(/ by Dr. S/ieflield is sufficient guarantee of its harmlessness and efficacy. 

Send 25 Csnts lor Tan Sample Tubes, Mailed FREE. 







!^v»y^ 






'-^r 




^u Sllustffltctr ©tiitif 
to tj)c €iU\ aa it 




By Robert Grieve. 



if^- \i^ 1^ t!^- 



PROVIDENCE. R. I.: J. A. & R. A. REID. PUBLISHERS. 

1559. 



CopyyightcJ, liSq, hy J. A. .t R. A. REID. 













umi 







GOf/3CF(VAT0I\Y'or/AuSlG 
pat]Rlii^S([u&re BostoR 

The Largest Musical Institution 

IN THE IM^ORLDT 

Music, Literature, Elocution, Languages , Art, General Culture 

40,000 Pupils, 49 States, Territoiies, Provinces, Countries. 

Faculty of Eighty -Nine Professors. 

The'.Combined Advantages of the following thoroughly equipped Schools, viz. : 

For the Piano; The Organ; The Formation and Cultivation of the Voice, Lyric, Art, Opera; The 

Violin, Orchestra, Quartette, and Ensemble Playing, Orchestral and Band Instruments, Art of 

Conducting; Harmon^', Composition, Theory, Orchestration; Church Music, Oratorio, 

Chorus Practice ; Sight-Singing, Vocal Music in Public Schools ; Tuning, Regulating, 

and Repairing Pianos and Organs; General Literature, Modern Languages; 

Elocution, Dramatic Action ; Fine Arts; Physical Culture ; College 

of Music ; Home for Lady Pupils. 

Instruction is given by ablest American and European artists and teachers, class and private lessons. 

Students in any one school have the free advantages of all the schools, such as concerts, recitals, sight-sing- 
ing, and chorus practice, lectures, readings, etc., also use of large musical library. 

~ The Home is supervised by the Director, Preceptress, Resident Physician, and Lady Teachers. The entire 
building is heated by steam and lighted by electricity. Opportunities here offered not surpassed by any 
similar institution In the world. 

TUITION : $5, $10, $15, $20, and $25 per Term. Board and Rooms, $5 to $7, 50 per week. 

NEW ENGLAND CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC, 

EJ. I'OUIiJEjK, DDii-e-otoi', 

Beniitirully Illustrated CntaloBiie Free. FRANKLIN SQUARE, BOSTON. 



Preface. 



X) 



picfur^sqti^ <• Boston 



IS DESIGNED TO BE AN ACCURATE, CONCISE AND 
READABLE SOUVENIR GUIDE TO BOSTON AND ITS 
SURROUNDINGS AS THEY EXIST AT THE PRESENT 
TIME. WHILE ALLUSIONS ARE INCIDENTALLY MADE 
TO THE PAST HISTORY, THE MAIN OBJECT HAS 
BEEN RATHER TO DEPICT THE FEATURES OF THE 
CITY AS THEY ARE VISIBLE TO-DAY. LITTLE AT- 
TEMPT HAS BEEN MADE TO DESCRIBE THE INNER 
LIFE OF THE COMMUNITY, AS THAT TASK IS 
NECESSARILY BEYOND THE INTENT OF A GUIDE 
BOOK, BUT BOTH IN THE TEXT AND ILLUSTRA- 
TIONS AN ENDEAVOR IS MADE TO PRESENT THE 
MATERIAL LINEAMENTS OF THE NEW ENGLAND 
METROPOLIS SO THAT THE STRANGER OR OCCA- 
SIONAL VISITOR, OR EVEN THE BUSY RESIDENT OF 
THE CITY, CAN OBTAIN A CONCISE AND GRAPHIC 
IDEA OF THE ENTIRE LOCALITY OR ANY PORTION 
HE MAY DESIRE TO KNOW ABOUT. 



^llQ ■ publisl^efs. 



ESTABLISHED IN 1870. 



CUSHMAN BROS. & CO., 

Shade 5^ollers, 

Window Shades^ Opaque and Tint Cloths^ Hollands and Uj)- 
holstery Hai'dware, Upholstery Goods. 

IMPORTERS OF JOHN KING & SON'S SCOTCH HOLLANDS. 

82, 84 and 86 Hawley Street, BOSTON, MASS. 

Philadelphia Store, 917 FILBERT STREET. 



LARGEST STOCK, AND LOW PRICES. 



O'.or Spring Shade Hollers, Tint Cloths and Opaques are the Very Best Goods 

on the market. 



Buy CUSHMAN'S make of goods and you will get articles guaranteed perfect. We are manu- 
facturers and sell to all fiist-class houses throughout the United States and Canada. 
FACTORIES, SOMERVILLE AND CAMBRIDGE, MASS. 




me GeiettH OaR Mes. 

XN our line of Oak RanRpes, (viz. : Oak Leaf, White Oak and 
Live Oak), we offer to the trade and buyer, what is ac- 
, knowledged by those selling them, and also by those using 

them, the Leader in this class of Ranges ; and, as the 
manufacturers, we guarantee that the working of them, ihe 
quality of iron and the workmanship are equal the most high 
l>riced Ranges. 

The Direct Kindling Damper and Ventilated Oven are two 
excellent features of our Ranges which recommend them on 
sight. 

Sold by dealers in nearly all the principal towns and cities, 
and fully warranted by 

THE NO. DIGHTON CO-OPERATIVE STOVE CO., 

MANUFACTUKEKS, ] 

TAUNTON, MASS. 



r. O. ADDRESS. 



W.N.&M.G.Mh, 

BROADWAY, 

TAUNTON, 

Agents for our full 
line of goods, in- 
cluding the 

Ptize Oak Parlor Stove. 



NOKTH DIGHTON, MAS.S 



M 





CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER 1. 

THE CITY OF BOSTON. 

Early History of Boston — Its Influevce on" the Rest of the Country — 
Character and Literature — First White Inhabitant — The Settlement 
OF THE Peninsula — Colonial Times — Revolutionary Doings — SuBSEquENT 
History : . . . Pages 13-17 

CHAPTER II. 

THE CENTRAL PART OF THE CITY. 

Historic Places and Biildings — Through the Common — Then Past King's 
Chapel — City Hall — Old South Church ■ — The Newspaper Office — 
Old State House — Faneuil Hall — Custom House — Post-Office — 
Washington Street — The Dry Goods Stores — The Theatres — Park 
Scy^ARE — Railroad Stations — The Water Front, Etc. . . P.iges 19-27 

CHAPTER III. 

A TOUR IN THE BACK BAY. 

A Reclaimed Marsh — Down Boylston Street — Natural History Building — 
Massachusetts Institute of Technology — Trinity Church — The New 
Old South — The Museum of Fine Arts — The New Public Library 
Building — Copely ScyJARE and its Surroundings — Commonwealth 
Ax'enue Pages 29-35 

CHAPTER IV. 

A TOUR IN THE NORTH END 

Historic .Associations — Its Streets and Limits — Hanover Street — North 
Sc^L'ARE — Its History and Associations — Cjirist Church and Paul 
Revf.re — The Northern Depots ... ... Pages 37-41 

CHAPTER V. 

THE OLD WEST END— THE STATE HOUSE. 

The Old Time Literary Centre of the City — Historic Associations — 
State House — Beacon Street — Louisburg SquARE — Charles Street — 
Charles River Embankment — Massachusetts General Hospital 

Pages 43-49 

CHAPTER VI. 

THE SOUTH END — SOUTH BOSTON. 

The Limits of the South End — Widening Boston Neck — Principal Streets, 
— Churches and Institutions — South Boston — Its Connecting Bridges 
— Broadway- — The Perkins' Institution — Other Public Institutions — 
Mount Washington — City Point and the Marine Park . Pagtrs 51-55 



THE- 



PARKER GUN 




Best and Lowest Priced Gun in the World. 

J^ AMMERLESS AND HA MMER GUNS.®i^H 

Sold by the Trade Everywhere. Description Catalogue Mailed on Application. 

IVIANUKACTURED BY 



PARKER BR0S., 



nCRIDEN, eONN. 



Stoeks and Dies,' 



Showroom, 97 Chambers Street, N. Y. 

THE ARMSTRONG MF'G CO., 

Bridgeport, Conn. 

Uanufactarers of the ABUSTBONG CELEBBATED 

flHO OTHER TOOLS, FOK 

WflTEt^, STEfllVl fl^r 

GflS FITTERS. 

We especiallv recommend our 

New No. 2h 

STOCK, 

Threading Pipe from 
I to 14 Inch, Inclusive. 

ALSO, BOLT DIES, I.ATIIK AM> 
CLAMP DOGS, TAP WRENCHES, ETC. 



Jlie High Keputatiiiii AH'iitiitl 

hy these GoodSf needs 

titt fjftin tni'nf. 



'THE? BEJSTT I{S TME; 




1 1 V')ii Cannot G":*! Them ot Your Dealt", ^cnd for <",jtHlosije 
and Pricpo. 



CONTENTS. 

(continued.) 

CHAPTER VII. 

SUBURBS AND DISTRICTS. 

Annexations of Suburban Localities — Area — East Boston — Charlestqwn 
District: Bunker Hill and the Navy Yard — Roxbury District — West 
RoxBURY District — Dorchester District — Brighton District, Pages 57-61 

CHAPTER VIII. 

PARKS AND PUBLIC GROUNDS. 

The Common — The Public Garden — -Franklin Park — Back Bay Park — 
Marine Park — Other Parks Pages 63-71 

CHAPTER iX. 

INSTITUTIONS OF BOSTON. 

churches — religious and benevolent organizations — art and science — musi- 
cal societies — libraries — schools and colleges — halls — theatres — 
hospitals — secret societies — MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS . Pages 73-8 

CHAPTER X. 

SEA AND SHORE. 

Boston Harbor — Its Character, Dimensions, Channels and Islands — Its 
Influence on Seamanship — Nantasket Beach — Nahant — Point of 
Pines — Crescent Beach — Beachmont — Oak Island — Ocean Pier. 

Pages 83-91 

CHAPTER XI. 

EDUCATION — THE CLUBS — THE PRESS. 

Early Interest in Education — The Development of the School System — 
Present Condition — Harvard College — Other Educational Institu- 
tions — Libraries — The Clubs of Boston: The Somerset, Union, Algon- 
(yjiN and Others, Artistic, Intellectual, Sporting and Technical — The 
Newspapers — The First Publications — Daily Advertiser — Post — Jour- 
nal — Herald — Globe — Transcript — Traveller — Saturday' Evening 
Gazette Pages 93-105 

CHAPTER XII. 

THE ENVIRONS OF BOSTON. 

Cambridge — A Trip there by Street Cars — Harvard University — Scenes 
in Cambridge — The Washington Elm —The Longfellow House— Brook- 
line — Chestnut Hill Reservoir — Somerville — Chelsea — Newton — 
Ly-nn — SWAMPSCOTT — Marblehkad — Salem . . . Pages 107-1 13 

STRANGERS' GUIDE Page iiS 



1^^^ 





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^/a/ /r/ad' a^JaJ a/zrar/z/Z/r {///(olf ^/2^^//a/d^ 

Imperial Granum is the most remarkable medicinal food ever brought before the public. It ii 
a solid extract from the best growths of wheat, and is of a highly' nutritious character. For invalidi 
of all classes, and infants especially, it has no equal in the market It has long been before th< 
public and is endorsed b_v the most skillful physicians and recommended earnestly by all who havf 
tested it. — ^^ Christian Inquirer" August, iSSS. 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



A Spinning Exhibition by Bostox Maidens on the Common 
Atlantic House, Nantasket, ..... 

AtTUCk's MONI'MENT, .... 

Be \coN Street, NEAR State lIousK, 

Boston & Albany Railroad Station, 

Boston Harbor, .... 

Boston Post Building, 

Boston Towers, .... 

Boston Transcript Building, . 

City Hall, ..... 

commonwe.vlth avenue, 

Fanueil Hall and Faneuil Hall Market, 

Frog Pond, Boston Common, 

Harvard Medical School, 

Home of the Boston Herald, 

Hotel Pemberton, Hull, 

Life on the Lake, Public Garden, 

Longfellow's House, • . . 

Nanta ket Beach, .... 

Nantasket Hotel, .... 

New Court House, .... 

New England Conservatory' of Music, 

New Old South Church, 

New Old South Church Tower, 

Old Colony Railro.\d Station, 

Old Granary Burying Ground, 

Park Street Entrance to Boston Common, 

Post- Office, ..... 

Providence Depot, .... 

Public Garden, Views in . 

Pulpit Window in the Old South Church, 

ScoLLAY Square, .... 

Soldier's Monument, .... 

State House, from the Common, . 

State House, Dome of, . , 

Tremont Street, ..... 

Trinity Church, .... 

Trinity Church Tower, 

Washington Elm, .... 

Winthrop Statue, .... 

Young Men's Christian Association Building 



!>•" 1 753. 



37 

S7 
57 
99 
53 
59 

26 



23 

33 

71 
47 
61 

91 
87 
63 
107 
81 
S7 
43 
51 
41 
29 

53 
45 
13 
19 
49 
67 
34 
39 
69 

• 15 
29 

45 

• 31 
. 29 

Frontispiece 

39 

• 73 



65. 



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Clerk : 
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Chapter 1. 



THE CITY OF BOSTON. 

Early History of Boston — Its Influence on the Rest of the Country — 
Character and Literature — First White Inhabitant — The Settlement 
of the Peninsula — Colonial Times — Revolutionary Doings — Subse- 
C(UENT History. 



The earl}- histoiy of Bos- 
ton is the most interesting of 
that of any American city. 
Here the influence of the 
Puritans and the Pilgrims 
was concentrated, and from 
here all the northern English 
Colonies in America re- 
ceived their chief impetus. 
.Vithough settled ten years 
after Plymouth, Boston early 
became the central colony, 
the headquarters from which 
settlers went forth to found 
new homes in the wilder- 
ness, and its influence always 
has been paramount in New 
England both in council and 
in action. Its history leads 
out to and largely includes 
that of the whole of New 
England, and if it is not the 
" Hub of the Universe," as 
Dr. Holmes has styled it, 
certainly it is the centre of a 
large section of American life, and the influences in the domains of liter- 
ature and art diverging from Boston have been and are greater than from 
any other American city. With that interesting theme in its comprehen- 
sive aspect the present book has little to say. Talented sons of the old Bay 
State have from many standpoints, in sober prose, in stately orations, in 




Park Street Entrance to Boston Common. 



14 PICTURESQ.UE BOSTON. 

graceful poetry, in tales, stories, and novels, pictured forth on the screen of 
time all phases of its ancient and modern life. The dry facts of its history 
can be studied in many ancient chronicles and in reliable and comprehensive 
modern histories, while the stories and novels of Hawthorne bring up before 
the mental vision with startling distinctness the very texture of the sombre 
life of the Puritans. The achievements of the Forefathers, both in tlie early 
settlements and at the Revolution, have been fittingl}' eulogized in noble ora- 
tions on numerous occasions by Webster, by Everett, by Qiiincy and others, 
while the legends of the Red Men, the traditions and stories of the settlers, 
ajid the aspirations of tiie people have been grandly voiced by the poetry of 
Longfellow, of Lowell, of Holmes, and of Whittier. The more recent life 
of the community has found able delineators in the pages of Howells, James, 
Robert Grant, Edward Bellamy, Louisa M. Alcott, and a host of others. 
With such a history and such historians the life of Boston is an open book, 
not only to the student but to the ordinary reader. Besides the present and 
material ciiarms which the beautiful city possesses, the associations connected 
with the life of the past have invested many buildings and localities with an 
historic interest, so that the visitor to the citj' need not limit his vision to 
jDiles of brick and stone, but can realize, through contact with the places 
where their footsteps resounded, something of the life and works of those 
who have, by sacrifice and effort, helped to make the present what it is. 

The first white inhabitant of the land now occupied by Boston was an 
English clergyman named William Blackstone, who had been living there 
several jears before 1630, and had a house and a garden with fruit trees. 
The territory was a pear-shaped peninsula, connected with the mainland at 
the south by a narrow neck a mile long, and so low that it was sometimes 
submerged by the tide. The narrowest part was near the junction of the 
present Dover and Washington streets. In extent the original peninsula was 
about two miles long by one broad and contained 783 acres. It was distin- 
guished by three hills, which earned for it, from the settlers who had first 
located on the neighboring shores, the name Trimountain, subsequently con- 
tracted to Tremont. 

The English emigrants, wlio hail come out to the New World under the 
guidance of John Winthrop, first pitched on Charlestown as a place for their 
home, but, it is said by some, finding that water was scarce there, on the 
invitation of Blackstone, they went over to Shawmut, as the Indians and 
Blackstone both named the peninsula, and settled there, the transfer being 
made on the 'jth of September, 1630, and the name Boston given to the place, 
by order of the court held at Charlestown on that date. This name was 
chosen in memory of Boston, England, the former home of some of the 
colonists, and especially of Wr. Isaac Johnson, whose wife, the Lady Ara- 
bella, died in Salem before their house could be built in Boston, and the 
husband survived her only a few weeks, his body being the first interred in 
the King's Chapels Burying Ground. The name " Boston " is a contraction 
of Botolph's Town. The English Boston, in Lincolnshire, was founded in 
650 by St. Botolph, a pious Saxon, and contains at present about fifteen 



1 6 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

thousand inhabitants. The principal building is St. Botolph Church, which 
was built in 1309. It is a mammoth edifice, and has a tower 300 feet high 
which can be seen forty miles at sea. John Cotton, the second minister of 
the First Church in Boston, and the most famous of the early preachers, was 
vicar of St. Botolph's for twenty years. 

William Blackstone sold all the peninsula of Shawmut to Winthrop and 
his associates, except six acres where his house was, for £30. This lot 
extended from the top of Beacon Street to the Charles River, and Beacon 
and Mount Vernon streets run through it now. His house is supposed to 
have been in the neighborhood of the present Louisburg Square. Black- 
stone did not continue to live here. Soon he tired of his neighbors and 
removed to Study Hill on the Blackstone River, (named after him) near the 
present village of Lonsdale, where he lived in solitude, varied with occa- 
sional visits to Boston or to Roger Williams, at Providence, until his death, 
in 1675, at the age of about eighty years. 

John Winthrop, the leader of the immigrants who settled at Boston, was 
elected by the people themselves in " General Court assembled" as the gov- 
ernor of the colony. He had also been appointed governor by the land 
company, under whose auspices the settlements at Salem had been begim 
by Endicott in 162S. This company had obtained a charter dated March 4, 
1638-9, for the "Plantation in Massachusetts Bay in New England," and 
Winthrop was the first governor under this chai'ter to exercise authority in 
New England. The charter was not very explicit, but the colonists gave it a 
liberal interpretation, assuming powers not granted by its terms, and prac- 
tically governed themselves under its authority, while still stretching its lim- 
its. 

Between 1630 and 1640, 20,000 persons arrived from England, and during^ 
this period the colonies on Rhode Island, and at Providence, and those in Con- 
necticut were formed by companies of the English, who went either wil- 
lingly or were compelled to emigrate because of ditierences of opinions. 
After 1640 immigration dwindled, and for years it is supjaosed that more 
returned to England than came from there to Boston. 

"From 1640 to 1660 the colony was substantially an independent com- 
monwealth, and during this period they completed a system of laws and 
government, which, taken as a whole, was well adapted to their wants." 

The Puritans of Massachusetts Bay were intolerant in religious opinion. 
They banished and persecuted those who differed with them. Roger Wil- 
liams, exiled from Salem, settled Providence in 1636, and the Antimonians, 
John Clarke, William Coddington, and their associates settled Newport two 
years after. From that time until the last quarter of the century the local 
history of Boston is disfigured by accounts of the persecution of the Bap- 
tists and Quakers, several of the latter being executed on the Common. 
Some victims were sacrificed to the witchcraft delusion at this time. The 
people, however, learned liberality and before the century closed these per- 
secutions had ceased and a better spirit prevailed. 

The restoration of the Stuarts to the English throne in i66o brought 



PICTURESQL'E BOSTON. 17 

trouble to the settlers in Boston. .Soon there began a series of differences 
with the home government, which resulted in the abrogation of the charter 
in 16S4. The charter government expired with the appointment of Joseph 
Dudley in 16S6 as President of the Council for Massachusetts Bay, New 
Hampshire, and Maine, and the Narragansett County or King's Province. 
Sir Edmund Andres succeeded Dudley in December of the same year, and 
exercised his authority in Boston in a \ erv tyrannical manner. When the 
rumor of the English revolution of 16SS, and the accession of the Prince of 
Orange to the throne, reached Boston in the spring of 1689, tlie people rose 
in rebellion, deposed Andros, and put him in prison, and then instituted a 
provisional government with the old charter officers. 

A new charter was received and put in operation in 1692, constituting 
Massachusetts a royal province, and the Governor was sent from England 
instead of being elected by the people, as under the old charter. At this 
time Boston had about seven thousand inhabitants. This charter continued 
in force down to the time of the Revolution, and the colony was ruled over 
by eleven ro3'al governors. 

Boston took an especially prominent part in the American Revolution. 
Her sons, with the strong instincts for liberty that had been nurtured in them 
by their education and association, resisted the aggressions of the British 
government. The celebrated " Boston Tea Partv " occurred December 16, 
1773. In 1775 the war really begun, with the skirmishes at Lexington and 
Concord, in April. The battle of Bunker Hill occurred June 17th, followed 
bv the siege of Boston bv the American Army under General Washington, 
and the evacuation of the city by the British forces in March, 1776. These 
events with all their accompanying details have been thoroughly recounted 
in history and commemorated in song and story, and the Centennial celebra- 
tions of 187^ and 1S76 brought out copious information which is readily 
accessible to all in numerous histories and other books. 

From the time of the Revolution until the present, the history of Boston 
presents no salient points as in the colonial or revolutionary days. The city 
has gone on increasing in wealth and population, has been a centre of 
unprecedented intellectual activity, and has become a metropolis in all 
respects. The aim of the succeeding pages is mainly to present the city as 
it is to-day, its historic features, its beautiful buildings, its institutions and its 
sunounding and some brief pictures of its life and activities. 




?i-«e^ 




UNITED STATES 



FAMOUS FOR HALF A CENTURY. 

Recently Enlarged and Greatly Improved. 

Pleasure Parties, Ladies and Families visiting BOSTON, 

WILL FIND THE 

coinhiniiig: all the conveniences and substan- 
tial 4'<>nifurts of a pleasant Home, free nlihe 
fi-fnti e.itrartiyttiit stiow or sHli more extrava- 

WHILE ITS VERY CONVENIENT LOCATION, 
DIRECTLY OPPOSITE THE ALBANY, 

AND ONLY ONE BLOCK FROM THE 

OLD COLONY and FALL RIVER LINKS, three blocks onlv from the NEW YORK 
and NEW ENGLAND, and PROVIDENCE and STONINGTON STATIONS, and 

coniH'Cting directly by HORSE CARS every 5 minutes witli all t1r> Northern and 
Eastern Railroads and Steamboats, f^iviujj jjiu'stsevfry jios^ibh- facility imd couveiiience 
of rapid and ecoiiomical transJiT fn)iii all points. 

fl^UNEQUALLED BY ANY HOTEL IN BOSTON. ^^ 

Passengers to or from all Southern or W^estern Points, by either Boat or Rail, 
MAY SAVE ALL CARRIAGE FARES , 

While Sixteen Hundred Horse Cars, i)assin>:; tliree sidfs of the Hotel, bring it in direct 
and close connection with every IIailwav -Siation and Stkamhhat 

AND THE THOUSAND ATTRACTIONS OF CITY, SEASHORE AND SUBURBS. 

Thus making a most convenient point to stop at on arriving in the city, saving all carriage 
fares, and for tliose who desire to sjiend a day or week in shoiiping or visiting the thousand 
objects of art and interest, a most central, desirable, and convenient location, being only two 
minutes walk from all the 

Great Retail Stores, Theatres, Objects of Interest and Places of Amusement. 

POPULAR RATES. 

For Room only ..... Sll.OO and upwards . 

For Room and Board . . . '-2.50 " ** 

Single Meals, 75 cents. Parlors and Baths extra. 

ROOMS MAY BE ENGAGED WITH OR WITHOUT BOARD. 
For Special Rates, full particulars will be given, with majis, circulars, etc., on application to 

TILLY HAYNES, United States Hotel, BOSTON. 



C AL'cor< 

. \ Looi 

I Conve 

/ pied bj 



AccordioB to Siie, 




The Post-Office. 



Chapter 11. 



THE CENTRAL PART OF THE CITY. 

Historic Places and Buildings — Through the Common — Then Past King's 
Chapel — City Hall — Old South Church — The Newspaper Offices — 
Old State House — Faneuil Hall — Custom House — Post-Office — 
Washington Street — The Dry Goods Stores — The Theatres, Etc. 

Probably to a greater extent than any other American city does Boston 
possess buildings and places of historic interest. These were far more 
numerous in the recent past than at jsresent, but have been swept away by 
the widening of streets, by fire, by various improvements, or by the ravages 
of time. Still those that remain are second to no historic mementoes on the 
American Continent, and they are objects of instruction and interest to all 
intelligent visitors, whether foreigners or natives. 

But not only are the historic places and buildings interesting. Those 
that are connected intimately with the present and recent life in vital ways 
possess an interest to manv greater than the others. 



20 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

Bostonians, of course, know all about their own city, or at least if they 
do not it is not from lack of opportunity. So in thus beginning our guide 
book let it be assumed that it is]mainly destined for the stranger who is either 
wholly or partially unacquainted with the cit}'. The Common which is one 
of the chief features of the city is the best place to make the headquarters of 
any voyages of discov-ery, w^hether on foot into Boston itself or by horse-car 
into the remoter sections or the surrounding suburbs. With the adjoining 
Public Gardens it constitutes one of the finest parks to be found anywhere 
in the centre of a large city, and is so situated that all the objects and regions 
of interest can more readily be reached from it by the stranger, than from 
any other place. 

Entering the Common from the Park Square entrance we see on the left, 
separated from it by Charles Street, the Public Gardens. Crossing the 
Common from this point by a plank promenade, we pass on the right the 
Central Burying Ground, established in 1756, but not now used for inter- 
ment. As we walk along we catch glimpses on the left of the soldiers' 
monument in the centre of the Common, and have a good view of the entire 
grounds with the trees and walks and rolling, grassy slopes. Over the tops 
of the trees ahead is the gilded dome of the State Hou.se. To the right and 
running at an oblique angle to the path we are pui'suing is Tremont Street, 
bordered with stately buildings and with a constantly moving crowd on the 
further sidewalk. The street itself is always filled with horse-cars moving 
slowly, often waiting until the blockade will be so relaxed that they can 
move out, for tliis place is where they diverge from to all points. Here in 
the open space facing Tremont Street and between it and our path is the new 
Attuck's monument, erected in 18SS, in honor of the victims of the Boston 
Massacre. Our path leads us to the entrance on Tremont Street, opposite 
West Street. Instead of leaving the Common, however, let us proceed 
along the Tremont Street mall. A short walk brings us to the entrance, 
corner of Park and Tremont streets. From here let us jjroceed to visit the 
chief points of historic interest in the city which lie in the immediate vicin- 
ity and can be reached on foot better than in any other way. 

The church on the corner across from the -entrance is the Park Street 
Congregational, built in 1809. Here W. H. H. Murray preached from 1868 
to 1S74. In the early years of its history it was sometimes called " Brim- 
stone Corner" on account of the character of the doctrine dispensed. Pass- 
ing into Tremont Street we see across the street from the Park Street church, 
a short street with no outlet, at the head of which is one of the entrances to 
Music Hall. On the same side and just beyond the Park Street church is 
the historic old Granary Burying Ground, dating from 1660. It contains 
the graves of more distinguished people than any other burial place in the 
cit}'. At the north side of the burying ground is the Tremont House, the 
oldest hotel in the cit}', built in 1828. 

On the opposite side of the street directly across from the burying ground, 
are Horticultural Hall and Tremont Temple, the latter at present the most 
noted place for meetings, lectures, and conventions in Boston. 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 21 

The next street to the left is School. On the northeast corner is the his- 
toric King's Chapel. The present edifice was erected in 1749, although the 
first building was built in 16S8 and was the pioneer Episcopal Church in 
Boston. Beyond the church is the King's Chapel Burying Ground, the old- 
est place of interment in the city, having been used for that purpose in 1630, 
the first year of the settlement. It contains the graves of some of the ancient 
worthies. 

Standing in front of the Tremont House and looking down Tremont 
Street we have a view of Scollay Square, a third of a mile distant. On the 
right of the street, beyond the buryhig ground, is the building of the Massa- 
chusetts Historical Society, established 1791, the present edifice dating from 
1S33. Next beyond is the Boston Museum, the oldest theatre in the citv, 
long famous for its excellent stock companies. 

Turning into School Street, a few steps bring us to the main entrance to 
the Parker House, a fine marble-front building, and the most famous public 
house in Boston. Almost opposite the Parker House and in the rear of Kings 
Chapel and Burying Ground is the City Hall. It is some distance back from 
the street, has a spacious lawn in front, adorned on one side with a statue of 
Benjamin Franklin and on the other with one of Josiah Quincy. The former 
eight feet high, is regarded as one of the best public statues in Boston. The 
Qiiinc}' statue is mounted on a pedestal of Italian marble, the whole being 
eighteen feet high. These statues cost about twenty thousand dollars each. 
The edifice was erected in 1862-65, t""*^ '* '^"^ '^°° small for the city's needs. 

Continuing down School Street, we soon reach "The Old Corner Book- 
Store," corner of School and Washington, said to be the oldest building 
with one e.xception now standing in Boston, having been erected in 1712. 
It was long the headquarters of the publishing business of the city, and here 
in the past in its rooms many of the noted Boston authors were accustomed 
to congregate. 

A few steps north from School Street, on the corner of Washington and 
Milk streets, is the Old South Church, the most famous church building in 
Boston. During the Revolution it was the scene of many stirring meetings 
and was notable in the history of the city on many other accounts. When 
the New Old South was built on the Back Bay in 1S74-75 the old church 
was in danger of being sold and pulled down, to make way for business 
lilocks, as it is situated in the central business section. But the fact that it 
was endeared to the people by so many memories, having been called the 
" nia-sery and sanctuary of freedom," caused great efibrts to be put forth for 
the purpose of preserving the edifice. Eventually it was purchased by the 
Old South Preservation Committee, and is now occupied by an exliihition of 
historic and revolutionary relics. The admission fee is twenty-five cents and 
the mone}' obtained goes to the fund for the preservation of the church. The 
building is a plain brick structure of a dingy color, and has a tall spire. It 
was erected in 1730. 

Down Milk Street, and directly across from the lower part of the Old 
South, is the building of the Boston Post, which is said to occupy the site 



22 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

of the house in which Benjamin Franklin was born. There is a bust of 
Franklin on the front of the building between the second and third stories, 
with the words underneath in large letters, ■' Birthplace of Franklin." The 
building on the corner opposite the Old South is occupied by the Boston 
Transcript. 

Returning along Washington Street past the foot of School, we find our- 
selves in what might with propriety be termed Newspaper Row. The 
street here is narrow and winding, and a nervous and hurrying crowd is 
always passing during business hours. On the left corner of Water Street 
is the building of the Boston yoiirnal. Almost directly across Washington 
Street is the fine edifice of the Herald., and then on the left again are the tall 
buildings of the Advertiser and the Globe. 

Immediately after passing the newspaper offices, we reach the old State 
House on Washington Street, at the head of State Street. It was built in 
174S as a Town House, became the headquarters of the colonial govern- 
ment and after the Revolution, of the State government. Many of the 
stirring events of the Revolution are closely connected with it. The build- 
ing was restored in 1SS1-2 to as near as possible its original appearance 
before the Revolution. The entire second floor, the attic and the cupola are 
now occupied by an interesting collection of antiquities, portraits, and 
engravings under the care of the Bostonian Society. The exhibition is free 
of charge and is open at seasonable hours every day except .Sundays and 
holidays. In the open space in front of this buiWing at the head of State 
Street occurred the " Boston Massacre " on March 5, 1770, when five per- 
sons of a mob that attacked the British soldiers were killed. 

The lower end of the old State House abuts on Devonshire Street. 
Crossing State and going along Devonshire, we soon emerge into Adams 
Square, formed by the junction of Washington and Devonshire streets, and 
in the centre of which is Miss Whitney's statue of Samuel Adams, erected 
in 1S80. Until the placing of this monument here this open space was 
called Dock Square, and the lower part of it is still known by that name. 
The rear end of Faneuil Hall building is visible through the vista of ancient 
looking buildings that still exist in this neighborhood. Going down through 
the old square and passing around the old building, we come to the entrance 
to Faneuil Hall, the " cradle of liberty," so dear to the public spirited Bos- 
tonians, and in and around which so many stirring events have occurred. 
Here were held the Revolutionary meetings ; herein the citizens of Boston 
have assembled in times of popular excitement, and the voices of manj' great 
orators, both local and national, have been heard from its platform. The 
building is open to visitors. On its walls are many interesting pictures, the 
largest l)eing a great painting representing Daniel Webster addressing the 
United States Senate on the occasion of his reply to Hayne. This is directly 
opposite the entrance. The' hall is not for hire, but can be had from the city 
government on application of a certain number of citizens. The Ancient 
and Honorable Artillery Company occupy the rooms over the hall. The 
building was originally erected in 1742 at the expense of Peter Faneuil, and 




i_:;'ii'^LLr.G.CO.BGSTON. 



THE CITY HALL. 



SCHOOL STREET, BETWEEN WASHINGTON AND TREMONT. 



24 picturesql:e boston. 

presented by him to the town. It was rebuilt in 1761, and much enlarged in 
1805. 

In front of Faneuil Hall is the well known Faneuil Hall or Qiiincy Mar- 
ket, one of the best equipped public markets in the country. It is an 
imposing looking building, 537 feet long, two stories in height, and the cen- 
tral part is surmounted by a large dome. A wide corridor runs the entire 
length down the centre of the building, and on each side are stalls in which 
the retail provision business of the city is largely conducted, while there are 
also many wholesale dealers. A walk through the market or around it will 
more than repay the exertion. The market was built 1S25-26. 

Leaving Faneuil Hall Square by Merchants Row, which runs out of it 
to the south, we soon reach State Street. The most conspicuous object that 
attracts our attention is the exceedingly tall new building across the 
street. Proceeding down State Street, the Custom House next attracts 
attention. It stands in the centre of a square, and is a remarkably massive 
looking building, being formed on all sides of Doric columns, thirty-two 
in number, while the centre of the building is surmounted by a great dome. 
This building was erected from 1S37 '^ ^^47 '^^ a cost of over one million 
dollars, and is entire!}' of granite, roof, dome and all. When built it stood 
at the head of Long Wharf, but now the massive State Street block reaches 
to Atlantic Avenue, which skirts the present head of that historic wharf. 

Turning into Milk Street, the foot of which is almost opposite the south 
front of the Custom House, a walk of between two or three hundred yards 
brings us to Post-Office Square. As we emerge into the square we have a 
good view of the front of the magnificent Post-Office and Sub-Treasury 
building. In its present form the building was completed in 1S85. Previ- 
ous to that only the wresterly half, fronting on Devonshire Street and built 
in 1S75, had been completed and occupied. The finished structure covers 
an area of 415,000 square feet. The fa(;ades rise more tlian a hundred feet 
above the sidewalks, in the centre being 136 feet high. The main entrance 
is from Post-Office Square. 

On the south side of Post-Office Square the entire space between Con- 
gress and Pearl streets is occupied by the buildings of the New York Mutual 
Life Insurance Company and the New England Mutual Life Insurance Com- 
panj'. These two, constituting in eft'ect one block, are not surpassed in New 
England for beauty and statelincss. The Mutual Life building is of white 
marble, with a tower over two lumdred feet in height. Visitors are allowed 
to visit the balcony, 198 feet from the sidewalk, from where an extensive 
view of city and harbor can be had. An elevator will carry you up seven 
stories. The other sides of Post-Office vSquare are linqcl with tall and fine 
appearing business blocks, so that in this locality can be observed, to great 
advantage, specimens of the business architecture of Boston. 

Passing out of the square by Milk Street, opposite the South end of the 
Post-Office, corner of Milk and Devonshire streets, we see the great granite 
building of tlie Equitable Life Assurance Society. The roof of this building 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 25 

was foniierly used as a United States Signal Service station, which has, how- 
ever, been transferred to the roof of the Post-Office opposite. Three elevators 
run up to the ninth story above tlie basement. The roof is open to the pub- 
lic antl a trip up the elevators is free. From the breezy top there is proba- 
bly the best easily available view of the business section to be obtained in the 
city. 

A few steps up Milk Street bring us out on Washington, at tiie Old 
Soutii chiuxh. Let us from here stroll down the street southward, although 
that ^vill be a difficult matter — the strolling part — as this is the busiest por- 
tion of tlie cit}', and during business hours the sidewalks are filled with a 
hurrying, bustling crowd. From here on to Boylston Street half a mile r>r 
more south, is probably the busiest artery of the city. In this section con- 
necting Washington Street with Tremont .Street, which runs parallel to it, 
are a number of short streets famous as resorts of retail business. We pass 
them in the following order : Bromfield, Winter, Temple Place, West Street. 
Winter Street and Temple Place are the houses of the retail dry and fancy 
good stores and are the great resorts of the ladies for shopping purposes. 
In our stroll the great dry goods stores on Washington Street are passed, 
whose location the visitor will easily detect as he or she proceeds. Beyond 
West Street we find ourselves in the region of the theatres. First on the 
right is the Boston Theatre, one of the largest and finest in the country. It 
has seats for 3,000 persons. The building is in the rear of the shops on the 
street front and is reached by a long, broad passage way. It was built in 
1S54. Adjoining the Boston, on the same side of the street is the Bijou 
Theatre, a small but daint)' house of entertainment, which has been chiefiy 
devoted to light and comic opera since it was started, in 1SS2. The next 
building to the Bijou is the new Adams House, an imposing looking white 
marble hotel, one of the finest and most popular in the city. It stands on 
the site of an old, historic inn, the " Lamb Tavern," from which stages 
started for Providence, Rhode Island, before the era of railroads. A short 
distance further is the Globe Theatre, on the left side of the street. The 
present elegant edifice was built in 1S72, and has seats for 2,300 persons. It 
is now under the management of Mr. John Stetson. On the other side of 
the street, opposite the Globe Theatre, is the Park Theatre, with a capacity 
equal to about half that of the Globe. 

The next street on the right is Boylston. The large building on the 
southwest corner occupies the site of the Boylston Market, built in 1S09. 
The old edifice was toin down in 1S87. Before we proceed along Boylston 
.Street let us look at the building on the other side of Washington, corner of 
Essex. Here we see a tablet representing a spreading tiee, on the front of 
the building. This marks the spot where stood the Liberty Tree, under 
which the " .Sons of Liberty" held their meetings previous to the Revolution. 
The tree was cut down during the siege of Boston. 

■ On the corner of Tamworth and Boylston streets is the building of the 
Boston Young Men's Christian Union, one of the most excellent institutions 
of the city, being furnished with library, gymnasium, and various amuse- 
ment rooms, besides many other conveniences. 



26 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 



Proceeding along Boylston Street, 
we soon reach Tremont Street, and 
before us diagonally- is the Common. 
The lai'ge building on the right hand, 
corner of Tremont and Boylston streets, 
is the Masonic Temple, a beautiful 
granite structure, finished in 1S67. The 
buildings on the other two corners are 
apartments or family hotels, sometimes 
called French flats. The one on the 
southeast corner, the Hotel Pelham, 
was the first one in Boston, having been 
built by Dr. John H. Dix in 1863. 
Since then this system of houses has 
come into vogue in all the fashionable 
quarters of the city, and they are quite 
numerous in the Back Bay district. 
This style of living is chiefly indulged in 
b\' people of more than average income. 
Instead of entering the Common let 
us proceed along Bo3-lston Street, 
which here skirts the southeast side of 
the Common. Just beyond the corner 
of Tremont Street is the Public Library, 
a plain brick building, erected in 1S5S, 
but which is now much too small for 
the necessities of the library. A new 
building, however, is now in process 
of construction in the Back Bay district. 
A few steps further will bring us to our starting point, the Park Square en- 
trance to the Common. 

Turning to the left we enter Park Square, an open area at the junction 
of Eliot and Pleasant streets, and the entrance to Columbus Avenue. The 
statue in the centre in the midst of a small green is the Emancipation group, 
designed by Thomas Ball, and presented to the city by Moses Kimball in 1879. 
It represents President Lincoln with a slave, from whose limbs the fetters 
are falling, kneeling at his feet. This statue is a duplicate of the Freed- 
man's Memorial, Lincoln Square, Washington, D. C. On the south side 
of Park Square is the Providence station of the Old Colony Railroad, for- 
merh' the Boston and Providence station, one of the finest structures of the 
kind in the country. The tall tower on the Columbus Avenue side has a 
clock which is illuminated at night. From this station go the through 
trains to New York, either by the Shore or Stonington lines. 

Half a mile eastward along Eliot and Kneeland streets are the Boston 
and Albany and the Old Colonj' depots. They are located side by side and 
both front on Kneeland Street. The Boston and Albany station is a fine, 




Boston Post Building 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 



large brick building with granite trimmings, completed in iSSi. The Oitl 
Colony station is a very plain structure, but is well adapted to its purpose. 
Here passengers take trains for the whole of the southern coast of Massa- 
chusetts and Cape Cod. A quarter of a mile beyond these two stations, at 
the foot of Summer Street, fronting Atlantic Avenue, is the station of the 
New York and New England road, and four squares farther east, on Atlan- 
tic Avenue, is the Boston, Revere Beach and Lynn station, whence passen- 
gers are conveyed by ferry to East Boston, thence by rail. A great advan- 
tage to the public i" the fact that passengers may make the transfer by horse- 
cars direct from any given station to any one, or to all, of the others in the 
city. 

The water front of Boston is well worth a visit. A broad, marginal 
avenue extends along the principal section. From the New York & New 
England depot at the foot of Federal Street, this thoroughfare for a distance 
of nearl}' a mile is known as Atlantic Avenue. Commercial Street then en- 
ters it and gives its name to the remaining portion, which swings around the 
North End and continues on until it merges into Causeway Street, at the 
Charles River bridge. From the wharves which debouch on this thorough- 
fare all the excursion and coastwise steamers start, the ferries to East Boston 
and Chelsea have their slips, and 

here are landed the flour, grain, 

truit, and general food supplies 

of the cit}'. At East Boston, 

on the South Boston Flats, and 

at the Charlestown dock, the 

heavy freighting and railroad 

transfer are chiefly done, al- 
though the wharves in this sec- 
tion still do a large amount of 

this general business. 

That section of the city 

bounded by State, Court, Tre- 

mont, Boylston, and Essex 

streets may be reckoned as the 

central business portion. State 

.Street is the headquarters of 

bankers and brokers. Until the 

great fire in 1S72, Pearl Street 

was the greatest boot and shoe 

market in the world. Now 

Congress, Summer, High, and 

other neighboring streets share 

more largely than before, this 

branch of commerce. In this 

section we find extensive trade 

in various branches of com- 
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Chapter 111. 



A TOUR IN THE BACK BAY. 

A Reclaimed Marsh — Down Boylston Street — Natural History Building — 
Massachusetts Institute of Technology — Trinity Church — The New- 
Old South — The Museum of Fine Arts — The New Public Library 



Copley S(^uare and 




Surroundings — Commonwealth 



The finest locality in 
Boston at present is 
the Back Bay District. 
Originally it was a salt 
marsh on the southwest 
side of Boston Neck, 
but by the filling in of 
the land it was made 
a most available site 
for residence purposes, 
and within the last 
twenty-five years it has 
become the fashiona- 
ble quarter of the city. 
Where the tide for- 
m e r 1 y ebbed an d 
flowed over shallow 
flats, broad avenues 
bordered by stately 
residences, magnificent 
churches, museums, 
libraries, hotels, club 
houses, and public in- 
stitutions now exist, 
and here the wealth, 
culture and fashion of 
the city is congregated. 
No citv in America 
possesses a more beau- 
tiful locality than this. 
All the residences are 
palaces, its main street 
is a park, and the schools that give to Boston its fame as an art centre are 
chiefly located in this territorv. It extends from the Public Garden along 



.=^-7 \V'. 



BOSTON TOWERS. 



TBINITY CHUBCH. 



STATE HOUSE. 



NEW OLD SOUTH. 



30 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

the Charles River for about a mile, and is from a quarter to a half mile 
wide. The streets are straight lines intersecting each other at right angles, 
so that this "New Boston " in this respect diflers radically from the old citv. 
For a tour in the Back Bay District let us start from the same point as in 
the tour to the historic and interesting localities in the centre of the city, that 
is from the Park Square entrance to the Common. Proceeding down Boyl- 
ston Street, the Public Gardens on the right, we see at the corner of Arling- 
ton Street (the avenue that forms the southern side of the Garden,) tb • 
Arlington Street Church, a handsome, freestone structure, erected in 1S59. 
and the first church built in the Back Bay District. William Ellery Chan- 
ning was the pastor of the society now worshiping in this church from iSo-', 
to his death in 1842. We are now fairly in the Back Bay District. On bot'i 
sides of the street are elegant residences, lines of brick houses three or four 
stories in height, and all with bay windows which stand out the whole 
height of the front in a tower-like manner. The next street is Berkeley . 
On the first left-hand corner is the Hotel Berkeley, one of the finest apart- 
ment hotels in the city. On the other left-hand corner is the fine brov\ n 
stone building of the Young Men's Christian Association, erected in 1SS3, 
one of the b;st appointed, most convenient and commodious edifices of the 
kind in the countr}^. 

Standing on the corner of Boylston and Berkeley streets at the Hotel 
Berkeley, and looking down Berkeley Street toward the Charles River, the 
view includes many beautiful buildings and objects of interest. On the 
opposite corner, diagonally, is the building of the Boston Natural History 
Societ}-, with its surrounding open lawns occupying all the space from Boyl- 
ston to the next street north, Newbury. The edifice was erected in 1864, 
and contains a rich and varied collection of all sorts of things illustrating nat- 
ural histor}-. The museum is open to the public daily from 10 A. M. to 5 
p. M. Beyond the Museum is the Central Church, with a tower 236 feet 
high, the tallest in the city. The edifice was erected in 1S67. Further 
down Berkeley Street but on the same side, corner of Marlborough Street, 
is the beautiful First Church, the direct descendant of the actual first church 
in Boston. The present edifice was erected in 186S. 

On the grounds adjoining the Natural History Museum on Boylston 
Street are the buildings of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, con- 
sisting of two main edifices with some smaller buildings, the whole occupy- 
ing the entire space from the Museum to Clarendon Street. This institution 
is one of the best technical schools in the country, and is verj' comprehensive 
in its scope. Opposite the Institute on the corner of Boylston and Clarendon 
streets, is the Hotel Brunswick, a very large and elegant ftishionable hotel. 

Crossing Clarendon Street we enter Copley Square, which at present 
maybe said to be the artistic and educational centre of Boston. It is a large, 
triangular, open space, bounded by Boylston and Dartmouth streets and 
Huntington Avenue. At the corner of Clarendon Street and Huntington 
Avenue is Trinity Church, by some critics said to be the most beautiful church 
edifice in the country. It is in mediwval style, the main feature of which is a 




«- - 



IS'':: ^$.' 
■'vfc. 



32 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

central tower. The material of the building is granite with freestone trim- 
mings, and it has a very cheerful, rich eflect. The church was dedicated in 
1877. The celebrated preacher Phillips Brooks is the pastor. On the cor- 
ner of St. James Avenue and Dartmouth Street, fronting on the square, just 
beyond Trinity Church, is tlie Museum of Fine Arts, a handsome building 
in the Italian-gothic style. The Museum is open daily ; on Saturdays from 
9 to 5 P. M., and Sunda}- from i to 5 p. m., admission is free ; on other days 
twenty-five cents is charged. The collections of pictures, statuary and antiq- 
uities are very extensive, and are unsurpassed anywhere in America. 

On the Boylston Street side of Trinity Square, at the end toward Claren- 
don Street, is a range of residences. Next is the Second Church, a very 
modest appearing structure, but which is the present home of the society that 
worshiped in the old North Chiuxh which was pulled down by the British 
in 1775 and used for fuel. Adjoining this church, and extending all the way 
to the corner of Dartmouth Street, is the Chauncey Ilall School, the largest 
private school in the citv. It is a preparatorv institution, but begins with 
children in the kindergarten and carries them along until as vouths, men, or 
maidens, they are fitted tor college. The school was established in 182S, 
and the present building occupied in 1S73. 

On the next corner beyond the Chauncey Hall School is the New Old 
South, a most conspicuous and beautiful structure. Its most conspicuous 
feature is a massive tower, 248 feet high, which terminates in a spire in the 
form of a pyramid. The edifice was completed in 1875. The society that 
worships here was the third established in Boston, and held their services in 
the Old South until removing to the new edifice. Beyond the New Old 
South on Dartmouth Street is the house of the Boston Art Club, opened 
in 1SS3. The 3'early exhibitions in the spring are free, admission being had 
h\ tickets fin-nished by members. 

The new Boston Public Librar}' Building is now in process of erection 
on the Dartmouth Street side of Copley Square, and the building will occupy, 
the whole front from Boylston Street to Huntington Avenue. When it is 
completed the square will have a notable array of buildings surrounding it. 
remarkable for their beauty, architectural excellence, and for the character 
of the institutions of which they are the homes. On the north side the 
New Old South, Chaunce\' Hall School, the Second Church, and many fine 
residences ; on the south and east, Trinity Church and the Art Museum ; on 
the west the new Library Building. This array constitutes the locality, the 
centre of the Back Bay District, as well as the educational, literary, and 
artistic headquarters of the city, which characteristic will be still further 
intensified when the new Library is completed. 

Passing out of Copley Square to the west by Boylston Street, we soon 
reach Exeter Street. On the southeast corner is the new building of the 
Harvard Medical School, and just beyond it on Exeter Street is the drill hall 
of the Institute of Technology. Turning into Exeter Street and proceeding 
northward, we pass, to the left on the southwest corner of Newbury Street, 
the beautiful building of the Massachusetts Normal Art School, completed 



PIL ILRESl^UE BOSTON. 



:-,?, 




.i 



Commonwealth Avenue. 



in iS8S. On the next corner to the left is the Prince School, finished in 
iSSi, one of the finest public school buildings in the city. It was constructed 
on the plan of the German school buildings in which the rooms are placed 
on one side of a corridor, instead of grouped around a central hall. Across 
from the Prince School, on the northwest corner of Exeter and Newbury 
streets, is the First Spiritual Temple, a beautiful edifice in the Romanesque 
style, the first structure in the city specially designed for the meeting of the 
Spiritualists. The building in its architectural features, is worthy of its place 
among the notable structures of the Back Bay. 



34 



PICTURESQ.UE BOSTON. 



A few steps further bring 
us out on Commonwealth 
Avenue, the central artery of 
the Back Bay District, and not 
only the most beautiful street 
in Boston, but probably as fine 
an avenue as can be found in 
anv cit^', either in the Old or 
New^^'orld. The first portion 
extends from the Public Gar- 
den to Beacon Street at the 
point where that thoroughfare 
makes a junction with Western 
and Brighton avenues. For 
the first mile it runs in a 
straight line, then deflects and 
passes through the Back Bay 
Park. It is 340 feet wide, with 
a park in the centre and road- 
wavs on either side ; the dis- 
tance from curb to curb is 200 
feet, thus leaving sidewalks 
twenty feet wide. In the cen- 
tral parkway a walk for pedes- 
trians extends the whole dis- 
tance from Arlington Street to 
West Chester Park, nearly a 
m i 1 e , a n d this p o r t i o n i s 
adorned with several statues of 
distinguished men, and lined 
on both sides with the elegant residences that chai^acterize the whole Back 
Bay District, although on this street the beautiful buildings, with the mag- 
nificent setting the street gives them, show to much greater advantage than 
in any other portion of the locality, with possibly the exception of Copley 
Square. The prevailing stvles of architecture are the new Greek, the 
French Renaissance, the English gothic, and various combinations. Until 
recently railings on either side separated the central park from t]\e roadway 
on either side, but recently these were removed, thus giving to the avenue 
a much freer and broader appearance. 

An extension of Commonwealth Avenue, formerlv known as Massachu- 
setts Avenue, begins at Beacon Street, and continues for some miles to the 
main gateway of the Chestnut Hill Reservoir. It is the same width as the 
first portion. 

In our walking tour we have entered Commonwealth Avenue from Exe- 
ter Street, exactly midway between the Public Garden and West Chester 
Park. Let us turn eastward in the direction of the Public Garden, taking 
our way along the footpath in the centre of tlie avenue. The first block 




Pllpit Window in the Old South. 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 35 

liiings us to Dartmouth Street, on the corner of which and the avenue on 
our right is the Vendome Hotel, whose beautiful white marble front presents 
a striking picture. In the parkway opposite the Vendome is the statue of 
William Lloyd Garrison, the anti-slaver\- leader, erected in 1S86. 

On the southeast corner of Commonwealth Avenue and Clarendon Street, 
the next block beyond the Vendome, is the Brattle Square Church, a stone 
edifice in the form of a Greek cross, with a massive stone tower. It is the 
historic successor of the old " Brattle Square Meeting House," which was 
built in 1772 and pulled down in 1S71, and from which the present edifice 
derives its name. It is now the property and place of worship of the First 
Baptist Society, which purchased it in 1SS3. The building was erected in 
1S73, but was sold by the old Brattle Street Society because of debt. 

Continuing on along the parkway near Berkeley Street we pass the statue 
of General John Glover, erected in 1S75. At the entrance of the avenue is 
the Alexander Hamilton statue, erected in 1S65. During all this walk the 
varied character of the beautiful lines of residences on either side have 
afforded a continual succession of pictures of architectural beauty, wealth 
and elegance that is unsurpassed in the city. 

On Commonwealth Avenue at the entrance to the Back Bay Park, in the 
centre of the parkway stands an ideal statue of Lief, the Norseman, by Miss 
Anne Whitney. 

The route we have followed has led us past the principal features of the 
Back Bay District. If the visitor desires to study it in detail, a walk through 
Marlborough, Newbiuy and Beacon streets, or the intersecting avenues, will 
aflbrd him the opportunity to see every part of the district without any great 
exertion. The streets of the locality are named on a unique principle, which 
renders it easy to remember their relation to each other. The streets run- 
ning north and south are named alphabetically, alternating three syllables 
and two — Arlington, Berkeley, Clarendon, Dartmouth, Exeter, Fairfield, 
Gloucester, and Hereford, and they are all equal distances apart. Five 
streets run east and west the length of the Back Bay District ; Common- 
wealth Avenue in the centre, Marlborough and Beacon streets to the north 
and Newbury and Boylston streets to the south, also equi-distant from each 
other. 

Passing out of Commonwealth Avenue and crossing Arlington Street we 
enter the Public Garden, the most beautiful spot in the city. The Garden 
contains over twenty-four acres, is beautifully laid out with serpentine walks, 
beds of rich'flowers and plants, stately trees afford a pleasant shade. There 
is a small pond in the centre of the garden, spanned by a massive iron bridge 
with granite piers, over which the main path leads which connects the Com- 
mon through the Garden with Commonwealth Avenue. Elsewhere in this 
book will be found a detailed description of the Public Garden. 



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A Spinning Exhibition, by Boston Maidens, on the Common in 1753. 



Chapter IV, 



A TOUR IN THE NORTH END. 

Historic Associations — Its Streets and Limits — Hanover Street — Noktii 
SquARE — Its History and Associations — Christ Church and Pall 
Revere — The Northern Depots. 

That region of Boston lying between the mouth of the Charles River and 
a line drawn from Faneuil Hall to the Boston and Maine passenger station is 
known as the North End. It is the north end of the peninsula, and the 
name is therefore very appropriate. Boston, previous to the Revolution, was 
almost confined to this section. In those days the Common was out in the 
country, and the Old South Church, as its name implies, was at the south end 
of the city. To-day the appearance of the city, as it was in the past, can be 
better studied here than anywhere else, and, although improvements have 
obliterated old houses and straightened streets, many ancient-looking struc. 
tures«till remain in some of the back streets. The whole district has a 
squalid-looking appearance and is occupied mostly by a population of foreign 



38 PICTURESQLTE BOSTON. 

birth and descent. It is worth a visit, however, if not for purposes of the 
study of social conditions and environments, at least for its historic associa- 
tions, and for some of its present institutions. 

The main streets of the North End are Hanover and North, running the 
whole length of tlie district, and Salem, Prince and Endicott, running 
transversely and diagonally across the territory, all these main thoroughfares 
being intersected and connected by short, narrow and crooked streets, lanes 
and alleyways. Commercial Street, beginning at the Custom House, 
becomes the marginal way after running a distance of about one-fourth of a 
mile, and encircles the greater part of the North End. A visit to the locality 
can be made either from Tremont Street through Scollay Square to Hanover 
Street, or from Washington Street through Adams and Dock Squares into 
North Street. Let us proceed down Hanover Street, which is more central 
than North Street, and is in fact the main artery of the North End. It is a 
fine wide street, largely devoted to retail trade, especially in its upper por- 
tion, where there are man}' fine stores. Leading out of Hanover, obliquely, 
four streets below Washington on the left, is Salem, one of the most note- 
worthy thoroughfares of the district. A part of this street constitutes the 
Jewish quarter of the city, and as we walk along we notice some examples 
of the old colonial dwellings. The House for Little Wanderers, one of the 
best charitable institutions in the city, is on Baldwin Place, whicli runs oft 
Salem Street to the left near its junction with Prince Street . Continuing 
along Hanover Street the third street we reach after crossing Salem is Prince, 
passing down which to the right a few steps bring us into North Square, a 
small triangular space between North and Moon streets. In colonial days, 
and even after the Revolution, this locality was the centre of the fashionable 
life of the town. It is now the centre of one of the most squalid regions 
in Boston. 

The Old North Church, where the celebrated colonial clergymen. Increase 
and Cotton Mather, preached, occupied the upper side of the square until 
1775, and stood near where the Mariners' Home now is. " Father Taylor's 
Bethel" was on the east side of the square, but since 1885 the building has 
been occupied as an Italian Catholic Church. Father Taylor was a re- 
markable man, and his caustic, blunt, ready wit fitted him for his work as 
the " Mariners' Preacher," and during his time the Bethel was a great re- 
sort for all sailors coming into Boston. 

Returning up Prince Street, crossing Hanover, let us proceed along to 
Salem Street, turning up which street to the right, a short walk brings us to 
the Industrial School, corner of North Bennet Street and opposite the head 
of Sheaf Street, where boys and girls between the ages of nine and sixteen are 
instructed in various handicrafts. A few steps further bring us to the historic 
Christ's Church, erected in 1723, and now the oldest church building in the 
country. It is claimed that it was from the steeple of this edifice that on 
the night of April iS, 1775, the lanterns were hung out that gave the signal 
to Paul Revere when he started on his memorable ride to warn Adams 
and Hancock and the whole country side of the approach of the British 



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40 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

troops. The Old North Church which stood on North Square, was de- 
stroyed and used for fuel by the British during the siege of Boston, has 
also been claimed as the place where the signal lanterns were hung out. 
A tablet on the front of the church at present, however, claims this historic 
event for Christ's Church. The steeple was blown down in 1S04, but the 
present one was immediateh' built, and was an accurate reproduction of the 
original. The interior of the church remains much as it was in colonial times. 
Underneath the church there are thiitj'-three tombs. 

Turning into Hull Street, opposite Christ's Church, we ascend Copp's 
Hill, one of the three elevations that distinguished the peninsula originally. 
A few rods bring us to the ancient burial ground on the right. It stands 
on an embankment, the remains of Copp's Hill, the rest having been 
leveled and carried away, and is protected by a high retaining wall sur- 
mounted by an iron fence. This graveyard was established in 1660, and 
contains the remains of many of the men and women, prominent in the 
early history of Boston. There are many quaint inscriptions on the old 
tombstones. The burial ground is open to the public during the most of 
the year, and during the summer it is used as a park by the dwellers in the 
tenements on the adjoining streets. It is about three acres in extent, and from 
it on account of its elevated position, fine views of the harbor, Charlestown, 
and the Navy Yard can be had. 

Passing through the burial ground into Charter Street, and descending 
the hill we soon emerge on Commercial Street. Turning to the left along 
this thoroughfare, we pass on the right the extensive works of the Boston 
Gas Company, whose commodious wharves are on the opposite side of the 
street. Next on the right is the Charles River bridge, completed in 1786, the 
earliest bridge connecting the peninsula with the surrounding mainland. 
Beyond the bridge the marginal avenue is known as Causeway Street. 
A few steps further bring us to the Warren Bridge, built in 1S28. On the 
corner of Causeway Street and Haverhill, the approach to the bridge, stands 
the massive granite castle-like station of the Fitchburg Railroad. A short 
distance beyond, along Causeway Street, are the passenger stations of the 
Boston & Maine, Eastern Division, and the Boston & Lowell Railroads- 
Turning into Haverhill Street we soon reach Haymarket Square, fronting 
on which is the Boston & Maine Station, Western Division. These four rail- 
road stations constitute what are known as the Northern Depots. The rail- 
roads run over the Charles River by a series of long bridges, so that the 
river here is spanned by a complete network. Passing out of Haymarket 
Square by Sudbury Street, we emerge into ScoUay Square, from vvfhence we 
can start either for a horse-car ride to any part of the city, or for another walk 
in the central portions. 




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Chapter V. 



THE OLD WEST END - THE STATE HOUSE. 

The Old Time Literary Centre of the City — Historic Associations — 
State House— Beacon Street — Louisbury Si(UAre — Charles Street — 
Charles River Embankment — Massachusetts General Hospital. 

Before the Back Bay was filled in and became the fashionable residence 
quaiter of the city, the region between Beacon and Leverett streets and 
extending from Scollay Square to the Charles River was the abode of the 
wealthy and fashionable people. It was known as the West End, and 
although that term now includes the Back Bay loo, this region is in distinc- 
tion often called the Old West End. That portion of it on the slopes of 
Beacon Hill still contains numerous fine residences, and is the abode of many 
old Boston families and substantial middle-class people. It includes the 
whole of Beacon Hill, and has many steep, hill-side streets. The literary 
life of Boston centered here in the past, and some of the famous books that 
made the reputation of the city as an intellectual centre were written here. 
The historians, Prescott. Motley, and Parkman, the genial and versatile 



44 PICTURESQ.UE BOSTON. 

Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, Richard Henry Dana, Charles Sumner, all 
lived and worked in this locality. Harrison Gray Otis, the first mayor of 
the city, lived on Beacon Hill, as did also John Singleton Copley, the cele- 
brated portrait painter, and Wendell Phillips was born in one of its old-time 
mansions. 

At jjresent the locality is the home of many of the best known writers, 
preachers, jurists, and representative men in the city. This is one of the 
finest sections of the city for the stranger to roam through. It has neither 
the stateliness and wealth of architecture found in the Back Bay, nor the 
squalor, dinginess and shabbiness to be found at the North End and South 
Cove, but is characterized by a substantial, solid, complete appearance, that 
to many has a greater charm than the magnificence of the new houses of the 
Back Bay. It also has many historic associations. Here the first settler of 
Boston, William Blackstone, had his house and garden. Here on Beacon 
Street, just bej'ond the State House, was the mansion of John Hancock, 
which was demolished in 1863 to make way for the present edifices. 

The State House, which is the first object that greets the eye of the stran- 
ger approaching Boston from sea or land, stands on the highest point of Bea- 
con Hill overlooking the Common from the northeast corner. It is a very 
picturesque looking building, surmounted by an immense, gilded dome fifty- 
tiiree feet in diameter and thirty-five feet high, at the top of which is an 
observatory open to visitors at all times except when the Legislature is in 
session. The building is no feet in height. It stands back from the street 
a considerable distance, the terraced slopes in front being adorned with a 
fountain and with statues of Horace Mann and Daniel Webster, the latter on 
the right and the former on the left of the broad outer stairways as one 
ascends to the front entrance. The front of the edifice is a projecting portico 
with seven arches on the lower story through which access is had to the 
main hall, and on the upper story twelve pillars uphold a roof like that of a 
Grecian temple. The Ijuilding was erected in 1795, its site being the " gov- 
ernor's pasture," a part of the Hancock estate. It was completed and occu- 
pied in 179S, the old State House on State Street having accommodated the 
Legislature until that time. It has been enlarged and improved in its inte- 
rior arrangement, from time to time, to keep pace with the increasing busi- 
ness of the State, but at present it is much too small to accommodate all the 
State offices. A site has been secured for a new State House in the rear, 
but when the new structure ^vill be erected is uncertain. The State House 
contains many interesting historic memorials. On entering the building 
the visitor finds himself in Doric Hall, a large, lofty chamber with a tes- 
selated floor. In a recess closed in by heavy glass plates, on the further side 
from the entrance, stands a statue of Washington, and in the same recess are 
many battle flags of Massachusetts regiments in the War of the Rebellion. 
On the floor in front of the statue arefac similes of the tombs of Washington's 
English ancestors, and also tablets from the Beacon Hill Monument, which 
was removed to make way for improvements. A statue of Governor John 
A. Andrew stands in a smaller enclosin-e to the left, and in other niches and 



46 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

recesses around the chamber are marble busts of Samuel Adams, Charles 
Sumner, Henry Wilsort, and Abraham Lincoln. Wide stairways at either 
side lead from lobbies from Doric Hall, as the lower chamber is called, to 
the various floors, and elevators also are operated. The hall of the House 
of Representatives is in the centre of the building over Doric Hall, and is 
the largest room in the building. In it, over the speaker's chair, is the 
gilded eagle that once crowned the Bencon Hill Monument, and at the oppo- 
site side, dangling from the roof, is an ancient, wooden codfish, the emblem 
of the fishing interest, great in the past and in the present. This relic hung 
in the Representatives' Chamber in the old State House. The Senate Cham- 
ber is in the east wing of the building, the Executive Department and Coun- 
cil Chamber in the west wing, the State Library in the back part of the 
building, and the Committee Rooms in all sections. A visit to the observa- 
tory at the top of the dome should not be omitted by any stranger. By 
entering your name in the visitors' book, the watchman who is stationed in 
the lobby to the right of Doric Hall will direct you how to reach the out- 
look. Once there the whole city lies spread out at your feet. You are in 
the best place to see Boston. The adjoining cities and towns, the harbor 
with its islands, the ofl-lying hills, are all spread before you like a vast pano- 
ramic map. 

That portion of Beacon Street extending from the State House along the 
northern side of the Common has always been the most aristocratic portion 
of the city, although in recent years the Back Bay has begun to take away 
some of its renown. Its name to Bostonians represents wealth and fashion, 
as Murray Hill does to New York, or Belgravia to London. The most 
striking building now on this section of the street is the Somerset Club 
House, formerly the residence of David vSears. It is built of beautiful light- 
colored granite and has a double bowed front. John Singleton Copley, the 
famous portrait painter, resided in the early years of the century in a house 
that stood on the site of this building. Nearly all the houses on this noted 
street have sheltered famous people, so that while it has been the abode of 
rank and fashion, it has also been remarkable as an intellectual stamping 
ground. 

Within the limits of this section of the West End are located many of 
the noteworthy institutions of the city. The new Court House of Suflblks 
County is in Pemberton Square, which is reached from Scollay Square. 
It is a magnificent edifice, and, standing as it does on an elevated site, the 
portion of its front visible from Scollay Square presents an imposing sight. 
On Somerset Street, opposite the outlet from Pemberton Square, is Jacob 
.Sleeper Hall, the main building of Boston University, an institution for the 
liberal education of both sexes, incorporated in 1S69. On the corner of 
Somerset and Beacon streets, is the Congregational House, the headquarters 
of the Congregationalist^ the religious organ of the denomination of the 
same name, and of which Rev. H. M. Dexter is the editor. 

Passing into Beacon Street and proceeding south, on the left is seen the 
building of the Boston Athenaeum. It was completed in 1S49, although the 




tiMii ■nriiimrmaigrWnfo \ 



viaartNv-^ -j 



THE FROG POND, BOSTON COMMON. 



48 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

institution dates from iSo6, being tlie outgrowth of a young men's literary 
club. The library is one of the finest in the country, and is catalogued so 
thoroughly that all its resources are readily available, and scholars and 
strangers are always welcomed, and the use of the library afforded them. A 
fine collection of paintings was formerly on exhibition on the third floor, but 
it has been transferred to the Art Museum and the space devoted to books. 
Some large paintings and statues still adorn the vestibule. The real estate 
and property of the institution are valued at upward of $^oo,ooo, and its 
fund is also upward of $600,000. 

Continuing along Beacon Street we pass the State House, then skirt 
along the upper side of the Common, obtaining a fine view of a large extent 
of its surface ; of the frog pond, and other features, and on the Beacon 
Street side passing the Somerset Club and many noble looking residences. 

Turning into Charles Street to the right, we pass along until Mt. Vernon 
Street is reached, passing up which we soon i-each Louisburg Square, a 
small enclosed grass grown area. It once formed part of the garden of Wil- 
liam Blackstone, the first white inhabitant of the peninsula, and a spring of 
pure fresh water formerly existed near its centre. The square contains 
statues of Columbus and Aris^ides. Passing through the square and going 
down Pinckney Street we again emerge into Charles Street, along which we 
continue on our way to the right. The next street we reach is Revere, 
where at No. loS, on the south side of the street overlooking the Charles 
River is the House for Aged Women. 

Just before Cambridge Street is reached we pass on the left the Massa- 
chusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, established in 1S24. The build- 
ing is a large brick edifice with two wings. Patients are treated here free of 
charge. 

When Cambridge Street is reached we are at the Boston end of the 
West Boston Bridge, over which the main avenue to Cambridge and Harvard 
College leads. This bridge was built in 1793. Crossing Cambridge Street 
and continuing along Charles, we are soon alongside of the Charles River Em- 
bankment, a strip of land extending along the river bank from the West 
Boston Bridge to Cragie's Bridge, and containing in all about ten acres. It 
is beautifully laid out with serpentine walk, shrubbery, and flowers, an iron 
fence extends along the river wall the whole distance. In one portion of this 
riverside park is a gymnasium ground, separated from the surroundings by 
a fence. 

Near the foot of Cambridge Street, and overlooking the Charles River 
Embankment, is the Suflblk County Jail, a tower-like dark granite building, 
erected in 1851. 

The Massachusetts General Hospital is in this neighbourhood. It can be 
reached from the Charles River Embankment by passing up Fruit Street, the 
first street beyond the Jail, and then turning into Blossom Street to the left. 
The main entrance to the hospital is on Blossom, at the foot of McLean 
Street. This hospital is a private institution and is considered one of the best 
in the country. It was founded in 1799, and incorporated in iSii. In the 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 



49 



G. H. Gav ward, reached from Fruit Street, is the operating theatre where 
the students of the Harvard Medical School receive clinical instruction. 

Returning to Cambridge Street and proceeding eastward, a walk of 
about half a mile brings us out on Bowdoin Square, now a street car centre, 
especially for Cambridge cars. The Revere House, a noted hotel, fronts on 
this square This locality was formerly an aristocratic quarter, but business 
has supplanted the old-time style. A short walk along Court Street again 
brings us out on Scollay Square. 




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Chapter VI. 



THE SOUTH END -SOUTH BOSTON. 

The Limits of the South End — Widening Boston Neck — Principal Streets 

— Churches and Institutions — South Boston — Its Connecting Bridges 

— Broadway — The Perkins' Institution — Other Public Institution — 
Mount Washington — City Point and the Marine Park. 







'r5?l!{|[|llLij3i, 





E\v En(;land Conservatory of 
Music. 

That portion of Boston south of 
Dover Street, and east of the Back 
Bay and extending south to the Roxbuiy district, is commonly known as the 
South End. Boston Neck, the connecting isthmus between the mainland 
and the original peninsula, had its narrowest portion about the neighborhood 
of the present intersection of Washington and Dover streets, and the neck 
was " so low and narrow that it was often submerged by the tide." 

As the city increased in population streets were laid out across the flats on 



52 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

either side of the neck — Trenioiit Street in 1S32, and Harrison Avenue in 
1S44 — ^nd about 1S53 the widening of the neck began by the filling in of 
the flats. This continued until at present this section is one of the finest 
portions of the city. The main thoroughfores to the southern suburbs traverse 
the whole length of the south end. These avenues are Washington, Tre- 
mont, and Albany streets, and Huntington, Columbus, and Harrison 
avenues; Both the main and intersecting streets are broad and level in the 
majority of cases, and a goodly portion of the entire section is devoted to 
residence purposes, many of the cross streets containing handsome and 
comfortable dwellings. French flats, or apartment houses are numerous. 

Washington Street is the backbone of the South End. The intersecting 
streets are named either east or west according to their position in relation to 
the central thoroughfare. There are quite a number of small parks in this 
section : Blackstone and Franklin Square, divided from each other by 
Wash-ington Street, Union Park, Chester Park, and Worcester Square. 

Many fine churches and public institutions adorn the South End. The 
Cathedral of the Holy Cross (Roman Catholic) is on Washington Street; 
the Church of the Disciples, where Rev. James Freeman Clarke preached 
from 1841 until his death in iSSS', is on Warren Avenue ; the South Con- 
gregational Church, where Edward Everett Hale preaches, is on Union 
Park. (For a list of other church edifices in this and other sections see the 
end of the book.) 

Of public institutions the South End has the English High and Latin 
School, on Dartmouth and Montgomery street^ and Warren Avenue ; the 
Girls' High School, on Newton Street; the New England Conservatory of 
Music, on Franklin Square ; the buildings of Boston College, Harrison 
Avenue, and many others. 

The New England Conservatory of Music is the largest institution of the 
kind in the world. It occupies a large seven storied building with a front- 
age of 185 feet on Newton Street and 310 feet on James, and overlooks 
Franklin Square. This building was formerly the St. James Hotel, but was 
secured for the Conservatory of Music in 1S82. The building was re- 
arranged and now has a large concert hall, recitation and practice rooms, 
library, reading-rooms, parlors, museum, and fifty or more rooms for 
students. Instruction is given in every branch of the science and art of 
music by the ablest American and European artists and teachers, both in 
classes and privately. 

The Consen'atory embraces the following distinct schools or depart- 
ments : For the piano ; the organ ; the formation and cultivation of the 
voice, lyric, art, opera ; the violin, orchestra, quartette, and ensemble play- 
ing, orchestral and band instruments, art of conducting ; harmony, compo- 
sition, theory, orchestration ; church music, oratorio, chorus practice ; sight- 
singing, vocal music in public schools; tuning, regulating, and repairing 
pianos and organs : general literature, modern languages : elocution, dram- 
atic action ; fine aits ; physical culture ; college of music for advanced musi- 
cal students in connection with Boston University in which degrees of music 



54 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

are conferred. The conservatory was established in Boston in 1S67, having 
previously been in operation in Providence, R. I., where it was established 
as a Musical institution in 1S59. It occupied rooms in Music Hall building 
until removal to the present quarters. The head of this great institution 
is Dr. Eben Tourjee, to whose foresight, energy, and ability the present 
condition of the magnificent enterprise is very largely due. 

South Boston. — The terms, the "South End" and " South Boston" 
are apt to be misleading to strangers, who naturally think the names apply 
to the same locality. The South End is the soutliern part of the main 
portion of the city, — not including the localities further south, that were 
brought within the city limits by annexations since 1S67, and which are 
largely suburban in character. South Boston, on the other hand, is a 
peninsula stretching out into Boston Harbor, and lies eastward from the 
South End. It was originally known as Dorchester Neck, and was in the 
limits of the town of that name until in 1S04 it was joined to Boston. At 
that time it is claimed there were only ten families on the peninsula, which 
in those days had an area of "^60 acres. A bridge was immediately built 
from Boston Neck at Dover Street, and was opened March, 1S04. This 
in recent years was replaced by a modern iron structure. The Federal 
Street bridge was built in 1828, and the Broadway bridge connecting South 
Boston with the central portion of the city was built in 1S72. Two other 
bridges. Mount Washington Avenue and Congress Street, connect the down 
town portion of the city with the South Boston flats. All these bridges 
span Fort Point channel, the narrow connecting water way between South 
Bay and the harbor. 

After its annexation South Boston increased slowly in population, but 
gradually the peninsula was occupied by residences, and after the opening of 
the street railway in 1S54 the growth of population was rapid. At present 
the entire peninsula is built over, and in its limits are all the varied phases of 
city life and activities. 

The main street of South Boston is Broadway which runs through the 
centre of the peninsula, lengthwise, and nearly all the horse-cars run through 
this street or some portion of it. 

There are several notable public institutions in South Boston, the most 
famous of which is the Perkins' Institution and Massachusetts School for the 
Blind, Mount Washington, Broadway. This institution was founded by 
Dr. Samuel G. Howe, in 1833, and the Mount Washington House was 
secured and occupied in 1S39. Dr. Howe had wonderful success in educa- 
ting Laura Bridgnian, who was deaf, dumb, and blind, and who continued an 
inmate of the institution until her death in 18S9. This institution has been 
the model for all similar schools throughout the world. The pupils receive 
an excellent education in all the common branches, in music, etc., and are 
taught as much as possible to be self helpful. The family system is followed, 
the women and girls occupying cottages by themselves, and the sexes are 
educated and live apart. The school is partly self-supporting from the 
income of invested funds and the receipts from the workshops. It also- 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 55 

receives an annual grant from the State of Massachusetts of $36,000, and 
several other states make small grants and have also thereby the privilege of 
sending pupils. The greater number of the children here educated are 
admitted free ; but the annual fee for board and tuition from those who can 
aflbrd to pay is $300 per annum. Visitors are admitted to the institution- 
every Thursday from 1 1 A. m. to i p M. Mr. Michael Anagnos, son-in-law 
of Dr. Howe, and a Greek by birth, is the director. 

While the Perkins' Institution is perhaps the most notable located in 
South Boston, there are others that are of great usefulness and importance. 
The Boston Lunatic Hospital, First Street, is a city institution ; the Carney 
Hospital, Old Harbor Street, is a worthy Catholic institution, under the care 
of the Sisters of Charity ; the School for Idiotic and Feeble Minded 
Children, No. 733 East Eighth Street, is an outgrowth from the Perkins 
Institution. 

On the summit of Mount Washington, formerly known as Dorchester 
Height, the place where Washington placed the fortifications during the 
Revolutionary War, which compelled the British to evacuate Boston, is a 
little park from which magnificent views of Boston, the harbor and the 
islands may be obtained. On the heights north of and a little lower than 
the park is a small reservoir, a part of the Boston Water Works system. 
Mount Washington can be reached from any South Boston car, by leaving 
the car at Dorchester Street. 

There are two other parks in South Boston : Independence Square a 
handsome enclosure of six and a half acres on East Broadway, half a mile 
beyond the Perkins' Institution, and on its harbor side are the Insane Asylum 
and House of Correction, which have extensive grounds, over fourteen acres, 
extending to the shores of the harbor. The other one is the ^Marine Park at 
City Point, part of the cit3''s general system of public park, but which is 
still in an incomplete condition. 

There are ten lines of horse-cars between Boston and South Boston, run- 
ning every few minutes to the Marine Park, Bay View, City Point, Mount 
Washington, and other points. 

At City Point are many saloons, restaurants, small inns, and landing- 
stages where boats and yachts may be hired for harbor-trips. Here, also, is 
the Boston Yacht-Club's house. City Point looks right out on the harbor 
and the numerous islands, and hundreds of yachts have their moorings here. 
The view includes the Blue Hills, to the right across Old Harbor ; Thomp- 
son's Island with its dark groves and great Farm-School building ; the 
distant hills of Plymouth County ; Long Island, with its high-placed light- 
house ; the white shaft of Boston Light and the black pyramid of Nix's Mate ; 
the near gray walls and officers' quarters of Fort Independence ; the distant 
brick prisons on Deer Island ; the high, round, house-covered Winthrop 
Great Head ; the long, high, and verdant Governor's Island, with the citadel 
of Fort Winthrop ; and the blue highlands of Essex on the north. All man- 
ner of vessels are seen in the channel, — yachts, coasters, harbor steamboats, 
and European steamships. 



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Factories, PROVIDENCE, R. I. 



Chapter VII. 



SUBURBS AND DISTRICTS. 

Annexations OF Suburban I.ocahties - Area-East Boston - Charlkstown 
District: Bunker Hill and the Navv Yard - Roxbury District - West 
RoxBURY District — Dorchester District — Brighton District. 

The immediate envir- 
ons of the peninsula of 
Boston — the cit\- proper 
— have all been annexed 
to the municipality with 
the exception of Chelsea 
and Cambridge. The 
filling in of the flats on 
either side of the Neck 
created the South End 
as it now exists. South 
Boston was annexed in 
1S04; Noddle Island, 
now East Boston, became 
part of the city in 1S30; 
the city of Roxbury, to 
the southward, was an- 
nexed in 1S67, the town 
of Dorchester in 1S69, 
the city of Charlestown 
and the towns of Brio-h- 
ton and West Roxbury 
in 1S73. 

The original area of the 
peninsula was 7S3 acres, 
but by the reclamation 
of the marshes this has been extended to 1S29 acres of solid ground. By the 
annexations the area of the city has been still further increased to 27 661 
acres or 36.7 square miles. 

East Boston.— To the north-east of Boston, across the harbor, is 
East Boston. The territory it occupies is an island and was orio-jnallv 
known by the name of Noddles Island. In 1S30, when it had but one dwelf- 
ing house, it was annexed to Boston; and since that time has developed 
until it is one of the busiest and most populous parts of the city. East 




The Attuck's Monument, Boston Common. 



58 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

Boston has a splendid water frontage and consequentl}' at its wharves a 
large business is done. 

The lines of ocean steamers running from Boston have their docks at 
East Boston, and the railroad facilities for freight shipment are unsurpassed. 
Two lines of ferries connect East Boston with the wharves of the city ; and 
bridges connect it with the mainland at Chelsea at Winthrop. 

Charlestown District. — Until 1S73 Charlestown was an independent 
municipality. Its histor}' dates from 1629, and Governor Winthrop and his 
company previous to crossing over to Boston at the invitation of William 
Blackstone, had first settled here. Out of the original territory of the town 
there have been formed the towns of Burlington and Woburn, the cities of 
Maiden and Somerville, and portions of Reading, Medford, Cambridge, and 
Arlington. Charlestown was a flourishing place in colonial times. Here 
occurred the celebrated battle of Bunker Hill, during the Revolutionary War. 
It became a city March 10, 1S47, and when it was annexed to Boston its 
population was 32,040. 

The principal attractions for visitors in Charlestown are the Bunker Hill 
Monument and the Navy Yard. The Bunker Hill Monument is 32i feet 
high, and is built of Qiiincy granite. It is thirty feet square at the base 
and fifteen at the apex. Inside the shaft is a winding stairway, from the 
top of which may be obtained a beautiful view. The capstone of the apex, 
above this observatory, is in one piece andv.'eighs two and a half tons. The 
corner-stone of the monument was laid by Lafayette, June 17, 1S35, and the 
oration was by Daniel Webster. It was dedicated June 17, 1843, when 
Daniel Webster was again the orator. An admission fee is charged to 
ascend the monument. It is easily reached from the cent'e of the city by 
the Charlestown car passing through Scollay Square and lower Washing- 
ton Street. 

The United States Navy Yard is almost at the foot of Bunker Hill, in 
the Charlestown District. It is at the junction of Charles and Mystic rivers, 
and will well repay a visit. It comprises over eight}' acres of land, inclosed 
on the land side by a high stone wall. On the water side may be seen many 
wharves and vessels, and a granite dry-dock 341 feet in length, eighty feet 
wide, and thirty deep. This dock was opened in 1835, at a cost of 
$677,000. The first vessel docked here was the old frigate " Constitution." 
Within the yard may be seen immense quantities of shot, shell, and cannon, 
and all sorts of munitions of war, a granite museum, called the " Naval 
Library and Institute," a granite rope walk, 1,361 feet long, machine shops 
for employing 2,000 men, etc. 

Roxbury District. — The city of Roxbury was annexed to Boston in 
1S67 at which time it had a population of 30,000. It is situated directly 
south of the main portion of Boston and originally was at the mainland 
extremity of Boston Neck, bordering on the South Bay. A settlement was 
made here the same year that Boston was founded, 1630, and the name 
" Rocksborough " was given the town because of the rocky character of the 
locality. The territory originally included West Roxbury, Jamaica Plain, 



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6o PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

and Brookline. In 1846 Roxbuiy became a city, in 1S56 street cars began 
running to Boston, and in 1867 it was annexed to Boston and became the 
Roxbury District. At that time its population was about 30,000, but in 1880 
the district had 78,799, and at present has probably nearly 100,000. Rox- 
bury contains many beautiful localities. It has broad, shaded streets and 
many beautiful residences. Roxbury Highlands are especially beautiful and 
attractive. 

The West Roxbury District is the most rural portion of the city, and 
contains within its limits the larger part of the new system of public parks, 
Franklin Park, the Arnold Arboretum, and Jamaica Pond. Here are also 
located Forest Hill Cemetery, Mount Hope Cemetery, and Mount Calvary 
Cemetery. Originall}' this territory was part of Roxbury but in 1S51 it was 
set oft" as a separate town. In 1S74 it became a part of Boston, increasing 
the population of the city by 9,000 and the area by 7,848 acres. West Rox- 
bury consequently contains at present one-third of the entire territory of the 
city. It abounds in pleasant rural scenery, and is fast growing up as a resi- 
dence locality. The celebrated Brook Farm, where a number of eminent 
people tried a communistic experiment from 1S41 to 1S47, was in West 
Roxbury. It is now occupied by the Martin Luther Orphans" Home. 
Jamaica Plain, a picturesque suburban locality, is a portion of the West 
Roxbury District. 

Dorchester District. — The southeast portion of Boston lying along 
Dorchester Bay, and east of Roxbury, is the Dorchester District. It is a 
diversified tract of country abounding with hill and dale, and has been for 
years one of the most imjDortant of the many beautiful suburban residence 
localities in Boston. The township of Dorchester originally included all 
this territory, as well as the peninsula of South Boston, and a settlement was 
made here in 1630 by a company of English Puritans. It continued from 
that time as a town until annexed to Boston in 1869. The territory is 
extensive and the town always contained a number of villages or localities 
of about equal importance. The spaces between these distinct localities 
are now very generally built up, but the names still remain in use. 

Brighton District. — The mos't extreme easterii part of the present 
territory of Boston is the Brighton District. It is reached through the Back 
Bay by Beacon Streetand the continuation of Commonwealth Avenue, along 
the bank of the Charles River, and lies south of Cambridge. Brighton was 
formerly a part of Cambridge, but was set ofl'as a separate to.\n in 1807. It 
became a part of the city in 1873. Brighton is famous for its great cattle 
market, which has been in opei'ation for many years. It is also famous for 
its great slaughter and rendering establishment known as the Abattoir, on 
the banks of the Charles River, which has facilities for killing 300 cattle and 
3,000 sheep in a day. There are many beautiful localities in Brighton, its 
streets are pleasant and shady, and many of its avenues aftbrd pleasant 
ilrives. Along Beacon Street over the "Mill-dam," and the Brighton Road 
has always been a favorite drive for Boston people. 



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FERD. F. FRENCH & CO., 

(LIIi/IITED,) 

apRRmsES,! 

For Pleasure Driving, Professional and Business 
Uses, in the Latest Styles, 

Anil eiiibrariiiji: all I^ate IinproTeinentH) Approved Novelties^ 
Altraciive DesiKn^. and nio^t tliorougli con»«triiction. 




VICTORIAS. 

The improvements in this popiilai- vehicle are worthy of 
note, and onx' stock will comprise several weiglitH, adaptecl 
to both town aud country uses. 

VICTORIA PHAETONS. 

"We have aud are now finishiuK very handsome fashions 
in variety of weigbtH, 

CABRIOLETS, 

Which many prefer to the Victoria, are much improved 
over.previous seasons, aud will rank higrh in popularity. 

OPEN CABRIOLETS. 

An improved and more comfortable form of the popular 
Beach Wagon, in which we havt- many >fradeH, includiug' pat- 
terua not shown hy any other firm, while some at popular 
prices are very desirable. 



SURREYS AND TRAPS. 

With increasing demand for novelties, we have madeltf 
our especial eflort to bring ont.liothiu tine aud medium 
KViides, an except ioubly large lineof these, both in colors ai^ 

NATURAL ViTOOD 

Finish, in which we also have Depot and Station Wag-ODa| 
open and top. 

STANDARD STYLES, 

In Buggies, Rockaways. Broughams, in several sizes. Dol 
Carts, Phaetons, Etc , which have been i>rep;ired by us aunj 
the best manufacturers of New England with the utmoi^ 
care. 

BROCKETT & TUTTLE CO., 

Of New Haven, whose Road Wagons. Stanhopes, Buggies* 
Huireys, Phaetons, Etc., have stood in the front rank for 
twenty years, are sold (only) by us in Eastern New England 
at factory prices. 



INSPECTION INVITED. ALL WORK GUARANTEED AS REPRESENTED. M 

FERD, F. FRENCH & CO., (umited,, I 
155 Tremont Street, 14 to 22 Sudbury Street, Boston, Mass.' 

THE MOST 




Important Invention 



OF THIS OENEEATION. 



T 



HE SHERMAN KINGVAPORIZER 
purifies all places within doors 
absolutely, and keeps tiiem pure. 
Tlie work of ventilation Is never satis- 
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NEVER FAILS. Any "plague spof 
Is purified In 24 hours. Privies, 
Urinals, Bath Rooms, Sick Chambers, 
_ School Rooms, Hotels, PLACES 
1 ) NEVER CORRECTED by VENTiLA- 
Lj TION are made wholesome and agree, 
^able. It Is a CONTINUOUS DISIN- 
■^-"^ FECTANT, while Its powerful anti- 
septic qualities sterilize and arrest 
the germs of poisonous infection. 

Proof of WORK DONE, aston- 
ishing as it is, will be furnished to 
all who will apply to the 

Shernian"King" Vaporizer Co., 

Chicopee Falls, Mass., or 

L. BACON FOSS, 45 KIlby Street, 

Boston, N. E. Agent. 




Life on the Lake, Public Garden. 



Chapter VIII. 



PARKS AND PUBLIC GROUNDS. 



The Common — The Public Garden — Franklin Park- 
Marixe Park — Other Parks. 



-Back Bay Park- 



Boston Common. — Boston Common is situated in the very heart of the 
citv. The ground is undulating, and by nature well adapted to the use for 
which it has been chosen. Added to its favoiMble natural features, art has 
also done much to beautify and make it a favorite resort. The common is 
beautifully laid out with handsome walks, and is shaded with more than one 
thousand, fine, large elm trees. It has five malls or broad walks. The 
whole forms a scene of exceptional rural beauty. " There is st;aixely a foot 
of the forty-eight acres in its area that is not endeared to the Bostonian by 
some personal or historic association." Besides its attractions as a park, an 
out-door breathing spot, it contains a number of objects of special interest. 
The most conspicuous is the Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument on Flagstaff 



64 PICTURESQLIE BOSTON. 

Hill, or as now called Monument Hill. This monument was designed by 
Millard Fillmore and was completed and dedicated September 17, 1S77. 

Near the Park Street mall is the Brewer Fountain, presented to the city 
by Gardner Brewer in 1S6S. It was cast in Paris, and is a bronze copy of a 
fountain designed by Lanard. 

The Frog Pond, where the British soldiers had their skirmish with the 
Boston lads in Revolutionary times, adds much to the beauty of the Common. 
In 1888 near the centre of the Tremont Street mall the " Crispus Attucks " 
monument, was erected in honor of the victims of the " Boston Massacre," by 
the British soldiers, March 5, 1770. 

The portion of the Common between Flagstaff Hill and Charles street is 
still occasionally used as a training ground by the militia, but it is far more 
constantly utilized as a place to play ball by the young men and youth of 
Boston, and on a fine day in summer it is no unusual sight to see half a 
dozen games going on at the same time. On warm summer days the child- 
ren find delight in watching Punch and Judy plays, the camera obscura, etc., 
on the Tremont Street mall. 

Numerous fountains and more than two hundred benches are scattered 
through the grounds. The old elm, measuring twent3-two and a half feet 
in circumference one foot above the ground, and seventy-two feet in height, 
was long an object of interest, but it was destroyed by the storms in the 
winter of 1S76. The spot where it stood, and two young shoots, which bid 
fair to perpetuate the family stock, are sacredly preserved by an iron fence. 
In early days the Common was a favorite military resort on public occasions. 
From Whitefield's time to the present large assemblies have often m_>t here 
to listen to popular discourses, both religious and secular. The city charter 
was so framed as to make the Common public property, forever placing it 
beyond the power of the city either to sell it ox give it away. 

The Public Garden. — Across Charles Street to the south of the Com- 
mon is the Public Garden. The area is a little over twenty-four acres, 
and in summer is one of the most attractive spots in the city. A handsome 
artificial pond, irregularly laid "out, adorns the midst of the garden, where, 
in summer days, may be seen multitudes of gayly trimmed pleasure boats, 
occupied by children. 

While the Common is a park of stately trees and broad walks, this is, as 
its name indicates, a jjublic garden with dainty flower-beds, plants, shrub- 
bery, grass-plats, stretches of closely-cropped lawns, and narrow winding 
gravel paths. In its midst is a jjretty pond, irregularly laid out ; and now it 
is bright with gaily-canopied pleasure boats. An iron bridge of an impos- 
ing design, with granite piers, spans it ; and the winding walks along its 
maigin, and the seats under the few large trees near its brink, are much 
sought on pleasant afternoons. Near the central path from the Arlington 
Street entrance across the bridge to Charles Street, is the most interesting 
fountain in the garden. It is so arranged that it throws a fine spray over 
and about a small and graceful statue of \'enus rising from the sea, pro- 
ducing a pleasing effect. 



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66 PICTURESQLIE BOSTON. 

There are several fine pieces of statuary in tlie Public Garden. Here is 
located the equestrian statue of Washington, by Thomas Ball, said to be 
the largest piece of its kind in America. The height of the statue is 
tvvent\-tvvo feet, and with the pedestal reaches thirty-eight feet. The 
foundation is of solid masonry, resting on piles eleven feet deep. It was 
unveiled July 3, 1S69, and it is a matter of no little pride that the design 
and execution is entirely by Massachusetts men. 

On the Beacon Street side of the garden is the Edward Everett statue, 
which was modeled at Rome, and cast in Munich, and presented to the city 
in 1867. The money was raised by popular subscription which flowed in 
so freely that there was about fifteen thousand dollars surplus, $vOOO of 
which was expended for a portrait of Everett, which w^as placed in Faneiiil 
Hall, and $10,000 went to Governor Andrew's statue fund. 

The Ether Monument is also in the Public Garden on the Arlington 
Stieet side. On one side is an inscription stating the occasion of the 
monument. On the other sides are medallions, representing physicians 
and surgeons administering ether to patients. The monument is of granite 
and red marble. 

The Charles Sumner statue is on the Boylston Street side of the Public 
Garden, and was erected in 187S at a cost of $15,000. It is by Thomas 
Ball, is nine and a half feet high, the pedestal being a solid mass of granite. 
One hundred years ago this spot was marsh lands and flats. For years 
from 1795 or thereabouts, the territor}- was occupied by five long rope- 
walks. In 1839, after much uncertainty, as to the use this tract should be 
put to, the matter was settled by an act of the Legislature and vote of the 
city, and the Public Garden became a settled fact. 

The Park System. — Although Boston possesses in the Common and 
Public Garden public pleasure and recreation grounds that aftbrd great 
satisfaction t) the bus}' multitudes who throng her streets, still public- 
spirited citizens were persuaded vears ago that a system of great public parks 
were needed that would bring within the reach of all the inhabitants the 
opportunity of enjoying the beauties and benefits that a more direct access to 
natural scenes and conditions would aflbrd. As a result of this desire an 
agitation sprung up, and the first step accomplished was the apjjointment of 
a commission in 1S74 to formally consider the question of establishing 
such parks. In 1875 the Park Commission was installed as one of the regu- 
lar departments of the cit}' government, and has since continued. The 
" Back Bay Pai-k Project " was adopted in 1S75, and the development of 
the park in that region authorized. 

The next step, and a most important one, was the adoption of the plan of 
a general system of parks with connecting parkways extending from the 
Common and Public Garden, through Commonwealth Avenue to the Back 
Bay Park, thence to Jamaica Pond and the Arnold Arboretum in Roxbury ; 
thence to Franklin Park, and finally bj' Columbia and Boston streets, across 
Dorchester and along the shore of Dorchester Baj' to the Marine Park at 
City Point, South Boston. By this plan the parks and parkways almost 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 







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View in Plblic Gardex. 



encircle the city. The plan also utilized existing parks, developed them, 
while the " parkways" are only existing avenues widened, improved, and 
made over with grassy central or side portions, shade trees and fine road- 
ways. 

This elaborate plan has by no means as yet been fully carried out, but a 
great deal of work has been done, all the separate parks being partially put 
In condition, while a considerable portion of the connecting parkways are 
laid out. From October 8, 1S75, to December 31, iSSS, there had been spent 
for the jjurchase of land and for construction $5,383,437.30. Of this 
amount $2,786,745.19 was spent for the purchase of land and the re- 
mainder for construction and maintenance. 

Franklin Park. — The largest and most important of the new parks is 
Franklin Park, situated in the West Roxbury District. It contains 51S 
acres and has a great diversity of surface within its limits, — rocky ridges, 
woods, meadows, and uplands. Only a small section of it has as yet been 
improved to any great extent. That portion is the northwest corner reached 
from the Roxbury side, and its principal feature is the Playstead, a magnifi- 
cent broad meadow designed as a playground for the children of Boston. 
The entire park is designed to be divided into the following parts : the 
Countrj' Park, a mile long and three-quarters of a mile wide, to be left 



68 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

largely in its natural condition, and is designed for the enjoyment of rural 
scenery ; then there are the Playstead, already mentioned ; the Greeting, the 
Music Court, the Little Folks' Fair, the Deer Park, Refectory Hill, Sargent's 
Field, Long Crouch Woods, the Steading, the Nursery. Franklin Park is 
reached on the Roxbury side, where the Playstead is, by Egleston Square 
and Forest Hill cars. On the Dorchester side it is reached by the Grove 
Hall and the Blue Hill Avenue cars. Either route carries the visitor through 
the South End and some of the finest portions of the suburbs. 

Back Bay Park. — This park is situated on the flats at the west end of 
the Back Bay District, and consists of an irregular basin, reclaimed from tlie 
previously existing salt marsh, and into which the tides from the Charles 
River still flow, while the waters of Muddy River flow through it. By 
means of intercepting channels, inlets and outlets, and a series of auto;natic 
gates ; the surface of the water is maintained at a level about mid-way between 
extreme high water and mean low water in the Charles River, the varia- 
tion in the height not usually exceeding one foot, while the rise and fall in 
the river is about sixteen feet. Fine parkways encircle the Fens, as this 
tidal basin is now called, and the whole undertaking is in a very large degree 
accomijlished. Four fine bridges span the waterway between the Fens 
and the .Charles River. The dam that holds back the waters is of great 
strength. When the trees and shrubbery grow and years bring all the parts 
into their proper relation, this park, from its unique character, will be one 
of the finest in Boston. 

Arnold Arboretum. — The Bussey Institution, a department of Harvard 
University, is a school of agriculture, horticulture, and veterinary science, 
situated at Jamaica Plain, West Roxbury District. The premises occupied 
was formerly the estate of Benjamin Bussey who bequeathed it to the Uni- 
versity in 1842. In 1872 James Arnold of New Bedford bequeathed the sum 
of $100,000 for a professorship of tree culture and to establish an arboretum 
to contain all trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants that can grow in the open 
air. The entire estate comprises 360 acres, 137 of which are devoted to the 
arboretum. In 1881 the city of Boston acquired possession conditionally of 
120 acres of the arboretum as a public park, and purch^ised 44 acres of 
adjoining land to be devoted to the same purposes. The cultivation of the 
trees and the horticultural work is under the care of the University, while 
the drives and parkway are under the control of the Park Commission. 

Marine Park. — The seaward extremity of City Point, vSouth Boston, 
has been devoted to the purpose of a marine park. It at present embraces 
about forty acres of beaches and adjoining lands. An iron pier has already- 
been constructed more than a thousand feet in length and it is still being built 
further out into the water. The original plan of the park involves the use 
of Castle Island, which lies out in the harbor a short distance off' the Point, 
and would require the extension of the pier to that island and the filling in 
of the intervening flats to some extent. The island belongs to the United 
States Government, but so far the consent and cooperation of the govern- 
ment has not been obtained and there are said to be radical objections to the 




SOLDIERS' MONUMENT, BOSTON COMMON. 



70 PICTURESQLTE BOSTON. 

filling of the waters between the point and the island by the naval author- 
ities. The Marine Park has, however, even in its rough and imdeveloped 
state, become a popular place of resoi-t. It is a great resort on pleasant 
Sundays, and as many as forty thousand people have, it has been estimated, 
visited the park on some occasions in a single day. 

Charles River Embankment. — In iSSi the Massachusetts Legislature 
authorized the construction of a parkway 30o feet wide along the Charles 
River from Leverett Street where Cragie's Bridge crosses the river to Cottage 
Farm bridge, a distance of almost three miles. This would run into the ex- 
tension of Commonwealth Avenue at Cottage Farm ; altogether this when 
completed will make a magnificent riverside parkway. So far only that por- 
tion between Cragie's Bridge and the West Boston Bridge at Cambridge 
Street has been completed. Here the embankment is now laid out with 
walks, drives, paths and ornamented with shrubbery and turf. A gymna- 
sium has also been established here. 

Wood Island Park is situated at the eastern extremity of East 
Boston. It has a total area of Si. 3 acres, of which about twenty are uplands 
and the remainder tidal fiats. It is connected by a parkway, the " Neptune 
Road," with Bennington Street, East Boston. The park is well arranged 
for outdoor games and exercises, and is practically a marine park in character, 
as it has beaches on two sides. 



Besides these main parks and their connecting parkways there are 
many small areas of public grounds in the various sections of the city. An 
extended mention of these is hardly necessary as their names in most cases 
indicate their character. At the end of the book will be found a complete 
list with the location and area of each park or square. 



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Salesrooms, 37 Union Square, 



Chapter IX. 



INSTITUTIONS OF BOSTON. 

CHIRCHES — RELIGIOUS AND BENEVOLENT ORGANIZATIONS — ART AND SCIENCE iNIlSI- 

CAL SOCIETIES LIBRARIES — SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES — HALLS — THEATRES 

HOSPITALS— SECRET SOCIETIES — MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS. 







Young Men's Christian Association Building, 
BoYLSTON Street, Back Bay. 



I.V org;in- 
ized eflbrts in 
all lines of life 
Boston stands 
preOminentl}' 
at the head of 
all other cities 
on the Ameri- 
can continent. 
Every interest, 
every taste, 
art. science, 
philanthroj3v, 
religion, edu- 
cation, are all 
thoro u g hi y 
represented. 
In the brief 
compass of 
these jDages it 
wonld not be 
possible to en- 
ter into fill 1 
details ; all 
that can be 
done is to 
present a gen- 



eral view of the most noteworthy institutions, with some brief historical 
mention. 

Churches. — Boston is rich in the number and beauty of its chiuxh 
edifices. The first meeting-house in Boston was erected in 1633, near the 
head of .State Street, and w'as a small, homelv building, with mud walls and 



74 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

thatched roof. John Wilson and John Cotton were its pastors. In 1639 a 
better house was built, which was burnt in 1711, and rebuilt in 1713. This 
was torn down in iSoS, and a new house built which stood till 1S6S, when 
it gaveplace to the present fine edifice, corner of Berkeley and Marlborough 
streets, which was built by "the First Church" Society (Congregational 
Unitarian), at a cost of $325,000. 

The second church in the city was built in 1649 in North Square, — the 
first Roman Catholic Church in 17S9. 

The " Old South" corner of Washington and INlilk streets, is famous for 
its historical associations. Here the Hon. Benjamin Fi-anklin was baptized, 
and worshiped ; here Whitefield preached. The house was used for various 
public meetings during Revolutionary times. At one time the British 
troops used it for a riding school. The great fire of 1S73 stopped just be- 
fore reaching the " Old South " on both sides. 

The new house of this society, entitled the " New 'Old .South' Church," 
located at the corner of Dartmouth and Boylston streets, is a large and 
costly structure. Its seating capacity is about nine hundred. The edifice 
cost about five hundred thousand dollars, and is considered one of the finest 
specimens of church architecture on the continent. 

King's Chapel, corner of Tremont and School streets, was the first 
Episcopal Church in New England, and is now a Unitarian Church. The 
society was organized in 16S6, and changed to Unitarianism under the pas- 
torate of James Freeman, who became pastor in 1787. The interior of the 
house is quaint and interesting, v^^ith its old-fashioned pews, its tall pulpit 
and rounding board an<l its massive pillars and stained glass windows. 

Christ Church, Salem Street, built by the Episcopalians in 1723, is the 
oldest church edifice now standing in Boston. It is 70 x 50 feet in size, and 
has a steeple 175 feet high, which accuratel}' represents the one blown down 
in 1S04. A tablet was placed on the front of the church in 1S7S, bearing 
the following inscription : 

The signal lanterns of Paul Revere, 

Displayed in the steeple of this Church, April iS, 1775, 

Warned the country of the march of the British troops to Lexington and Concord. 

Trinity Church, at the junction of Boylston and Clarendon streets, is 
said to be the finest church edifice in New England, if not in the United 
States. It was built in 1S77, at a cost of $750,000. It is in the pure French 
Romanesque style, in the shape of a Latin Cross. The extreme width of 
the church is 121 feet, and the length 160. The tower is forty-six feet 
square inside and 211 feet high. The present rector, Phillips Brooks, d. d. 
is the most famous preacher in the denomination. 

The Arlington Street Church, (Unitarian), corner of Arlington and 
Boylston streets, has an eventful history. In a former house owned by this 
society, the United States Constitution was adopted in 178S, hence the 
name, " Federal Street," where said house was located. The Rev. W. E. 



PICTURESQLTE BOSTON. -5 

Channing was pastor of this Society from 1803 to 1S42. The society was 
formed as a Presbyterian Church in 1727. 

The Cathedral of the Holy Cross on Washington Street is the largest and 
finest Catholic Church in tlie city. Other prominent chvuxhcs are St. Paul's, 
Episcopal ; the Park Street, Congregational ; the Union Temple Church,' 
Baptist, worshiping in Tremont Temple, the largest Baptist Church in 
America; the Church of the Immaculate Conception, under the auspices of 
the Jesuit Fathers ; the Dudley Street Baptist, the Tremont Street Metho- 
dist, and the Columbus Avenue Universalist Church. 

Religious and Benevolent Organizations.— The Congregational 
House on the corner of Beacon and Somerset streets, is the headquarters of 
Congregational publications, missions, etc. Tremont Temple, on Tremont 
Street, affords similar accommodations for the Baptist denomination. The 
^lethodist denomination has like accommodations at the Wesleyan Associa- 
tion building on Bromfield Street. 

The Boston Young Men's Christian Union has a fine new building at iS 
Boylston Street, near Tremont, where young men are variously aided, 
socially, and othei-wise. The rooms are open every day, Sundays included. 
Religious services are conducted on Sunday evenings. Lectures and enter- 
tainments are given weekly in the hall. Practical talks, classes in various 
branches of study, social meetings, excursions, an employment bureau, etc., 
indicate somewhat of the work that is accomplished by this union. 

The Boston Young Men's Christian Association was organized in iSil, 
and is the oldest association of the kind in the United States. Its aim' is 
benevolent, social, and Christian aid to young men, especially strangers. It 
has a gymnasium, well-equipped, a library of about five thousand \olumes, 
parlor, and a lecture-room that will seat about one thousand, in the new 
building, at the corner of Berkeley and Boylston Streets. 

'• The poor ye have with you always," in Boston as well as in everv 
other place, but perhaps there is no other place on the globe where the poor 
are better, if so well, cared for. With more than fifty organizations to look 
after the wants of the poor and unfortunate, it would seem as though there 
need be little real suffering. The office of the directors for public institu- 
tions, who have charge of the city poor and reformatory institutions, is at 30 
Pemberton Square. The City Missionary Society, which is the oldest insti- 
tution of the kind in the country, employs twenty missionaries, who visit in 
poor families. The annual expenditure of the society is about twenty-five 
thousand dollars. The House of the Good Shepherd is a branch of the 
New York Society of the same name, its object being to save unfortunate 
girls. 

Other prominent charitable societies are the Society for Aiding Discharged 
Convicts, the Young Men's Benevolent Society, the Boston Port and Sea- 
man's Aid Society, the Cooperative Society of Visitors among the Poor, the 
Children's Mission to the Children of the Destitute, the Massachusetts Infant 
Asylum, etc. Almost every class of the destitute are looked after by some 
benevolent organization. 



76 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

Art — Science. — In science, Boston ranks the first city in America, 
and in art, she is certainly second to none. The city has many art and 
science institutions, also schools of industrial and mechanical drawing, and 
much attention is given to drawing in the public schools. 

The Boston Museum of Fine Arts, at the corner of Dartmouth Street 
and Saint James' Avenue, near Trinity Church, is a most attractive institu- 
tion, where may be seen, every day except Sunday, a very great variety of 
paintings, sculpture, etc., that is most gratifying to a cultivated taste. 

Up-stairs are the picture galleries, containing a choice collection of paint- 
ings. Here are samples of the Dutch and Flemish masters, and other 
distinguished artists. Many other branches of art industry are to be seen, 
too numerous to mention here. The public interest in this institution is well 
illustrated in the $250,000 raised by popular subscription at the first, and 
when in 1S7S, $100,000 more were called for, the popular subscription 
soon responded with $12^,000. 

The American Academy of Arts and .Sciences has its rooms in the 
Athenjeum building, and with one exception is the oldest scientific society 
in America. It was founded in 17S0, and has members in all sections of 
the Union, also a large number of honorary members in Europe. 

The Boston Society of Natural History was incorporated in 1S31, and 
for many years had a hard struggle to maintain an existence for want of 
fimds. At length, by the benevolence of the late Dr W. J. Walker, in gifts 
amounting to nearly two hundred thousand dollars, the society was placed 
in easy circumstances. The present building on Berkelej' Street was erected 
in 1S64 at a cost of about one hundred thousand dollars. 

The Boston Art Club, which was first organized in 1S54, now has a 
fine club house on the corner of Dartmouth and Newbury streets in the Back 
Bay. The building is of a Romanesque style, of brown and dark lirick, 
and was finished in 18S2. 

The Warren Museum of Natural History, at 92 Chestnut Street, has a 
special attraction in the skeleton of the great mastodon — the most perfect 
specimen known, — discovered in 1S46 at Newburgh, on the Hudson River. 
Other rare and valuable collections are found here. 

Music. — The musical societies of Boston enjoy a wide reputation and 
have contributed much towards the cultivation of musical taste. The 
Handel and Haydn Society is the oldest musical organization in the United 
States, and is the leading choral society in this country, if not in the world. 
It was founded in 1S15, and consists of a chorus of about six hundred voices. 
It renders music by all of the most eminent composers. Carl Zerrahn has 
been conductor since 1S54. 

The Harvard Musical Association, the Apollo Club, the Boylston Club, 
the Orpheus Musical Society, the latter being the leading German musical 
association of Boston, and other organizations, have done much to promote 
musical taste and culture in Boston. 

Libraries. — In the number and extent of its libraries Boston surpasses 
all other American cities and even rivals those of Europe. In none of the 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 77 

latter are the libraries so accessible to all, and few are so well arranged as 
those of Boston. " 

The New England Historic Genealogical Society, incorporated 1845, 
makes a specialty of genealogy, including heraldry and New England local 
history. The library contains about fourteen thousand volumes and sixty 
thousand pamphlets, relating chiefly to the history and the influence of New 
England character and life, and includes many rare works. The society 
publishes annually the Nczv England Historical and Genealogical 
Register. The building of the society is at i8 Somerset street. 

Besides these there are in Boston a large number of special libraries, as 
the Congregational library, the General Theological library, those connected 
with the public schools, etc. 

The Boston Public Library located on Boylston Street, with its ten 
branches, is the largest library in America, numbering over four hundred 
thousand volumes, and two hundred thousand pamphlets. It is accessible to 
all, and if a pmxhasable book is called for that is not in the library, it is pro- 
cured at once. The library is open every day except Sundays and holidays. 
The library has received many valuable private collections of books, also 
large donations and bequests from wealthy persons. It now has a permanent 
fund amounting to more than one hundred thousand dollars. A new and 
more extensive building is now in process of erection on the south side of 
Copley square. The annual circulation of the library amounts to about one 
million three hundred thousand separate issues. 

The Massachusetts Historical Society, has for its object the collection 
and presei-vation of books, pamphlets, and other material containing historical 
facts. The library comprises about thirty-five thousand volumes and forty- 
five thousand pamphlets. A specialty is made of local history and matter 
relating to the Civil War. The membership is limited to 100, but the use 
of books is free to all. The present building, on Tremont Street, has been 
entirely rebuilt within a few years, in the most substantial manner, and is 
thoroughly fire-proof. It comprises many historical relics of great interest. 

The Athcna'um, located on Beacon Street, comprises about one hundred 
and fifteen thousand volumes, the use of which are, in theory, confined to 
shareholders, but practically, strangers are always welcome to the use of the 
books and reading-rooms. An interestingfeature of this library is the posses- 
sion of the library of George Washington, which was purchased in 1S48 at a 
cost of $4,000. 

Schools and Colleges. — In education Boston has ever occupied a 
prominent and enviable position. Her free school system was established 
250 years ago, and has been well maintained, and stands as a pattern and 
an incentive for other towns and cities throughout the country. But there 
is no other city in the Union that will compare with Boston in the number, 
variety, and thoroughness of its schools. It has a most excellent system of 
public^schools, free to all. It also has a very large number of private 
schools, and a great variety of special schools for instruction in almost every 
branch of education, of industry, art, and science. It also has schools for 



78 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

the unfortunate, such as the deaf, the blind, the indigent, the feeble minded, 
etc., etc. 

Some of the best colleges of our land are in and around Boston. Har- 
vard University, at Cambridge, though three departments of it are located in 
Boston, is everywhere recognized as the first college in our land. For two 
generations it was the only college in New England. The Bussey Institu- 
tion, a school of agriculture and horticulture, located at Jamaica Plain, was 
established in 1870 as a department of Harvard University. The Medical 
and Dental departments of the University are located in Boston proper. 

Wellesley College, located at Wellesley Village, fifteen miles from Bos- 
ton, has the largest and handsomest building, and has the largest number 
of pupils of any school in the world devoted to the higher education of 
women. The Boston University on Beacon »Street, includes three colleges, 
four professional schools, and a past-graduate department. Other promin- 
ent schools are Boston College, founded in 1S60, by the Fathers of the 
Society of Jesus ; Taft's College, under control of the Universalist denom- 
ination ; the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, for the promotion of 
art and science ; the Boston Latin School, and the New English High and 
Latin School. 

In music Boston has the two conservatories, the Boston and the New 
England, the finest musical schools probably in the country. 

Halls — Theatres. — Boston takes an honorable rank with reference 
to its play houses, public halls, club rooms, etc. The " Boston," the 
" Globe," the " Gaiety," the " Bijou," and the " Hollis Street" theatres, 
and the " Boston Museum," all hold an honorable standing. The Boston 
Music Hall ranks among the largest and finest public halls in the world. 
Its interior aspect is grand and imposing, and its acoustics are remarkably- 
fine. 

Tremont Temple, on Tremont Street, is one of the largest public halls 
in Boston. The present is the third building on the same ground, two 
others having been burned in 1852 and 1S79, respectively. The present 
audience-rooiTi will seat 2,600 persons. It is occupied on Sundays by the 
Tremont Temple Baptist Church, for which the hall was originally con- 
structed. Here is found the headquarters of the New England Baptist 
missionary publication, and other societies. The city has many other large 
and well-known halls, devoted to general and special purposes, as Faneuil 
Hall, Horticultural Hall, Beethoven Hall, Mechanics' Hall, etc. 

In 1881 was constructed on the new Huntington Avenue an extensive 
building for exhibition purposes, the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic 
Association, which is a substantial and permanent brick structure, covering 
about seven acres, with freestone trimmings and terra-cotta ornaments. The 
first object of this association is to relieve unfortvuiate mechanics and to aid 
enterprising young men in this line of industry. 

Hospitals — The sanitary conditions of Boston are good. Her more 
than two hundred miles of principal streets are swept daily and kept remark- 
ably clean. All means for preservation of health in general are well 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 79 

provided. The city contains about thirty hospitals and dispensaries for the 
welfare of different classes of patients, and for the treatment of varying 
diseases. Of these, the Massachusetts General Hospital, on McLean Street, 
is the oldest, being the second institution of the kind in the country, incor- 
porated in iSi I, and opened for patients in 1S21, and it is one of the best 
organized in the city, and is on a good financial basis. Under light con- 
ditions it admits patients from any part of the_ United States or British 
provinces, and provision is made for free treatment when needed. No 
infectious diseases are admitted, and chronic or incurable diseases are gener- 
ally refused. On proper call the hospital ambulance, with medical officer, 
is dispatched at any hour to points within the city proper, north of Dover 
and Berkeley streets ; and the hospital is alwaj-s ready for any emergency, 
however sudden or extensive may be the demand on its resources. Ever 
since it was established the hospital has been largely and steadily aided by 
gifts and bequests from both private individuals and corporations. It is on a 
good financial footing. There are treated annually at the hospital some two 
thousand patients, about eighty per cent, of whom occupy free beds, besides 
nearly the same number of out-patients. 

The Boston City Hospital, established in 1S64, treats the city poor gra- 
tuitousl}-. Out-patients are also treated by physicians connected with the 
hospital. There is also a training school for nurses connected with this 
hospital. The Children's Hospital, the Free Hospital for Women, the Mas- 
sachusetts Homcepathic Hospital, the Consumptive's Home, the Carney 
Hospital and other hospitals, afford generous and excellent treatment to the 
sick and injured. 

In 17S1 the Massachusetts Medical Society was formed, which includes 
seventeen separate societies. There are also several district and special 
medical and druggist associations in the citv. 

Secret Societies — Military. — Secret societies in Boston are 
numerous and strong. The Masonic Temple, which accommodates several 
organizations, located at the corner of Tremont and Boylston stieets, is a 
granite structure ninety feet high, with octagonal towers 120 feet high. It 
is seven stories, and all except the basement and first floor are occupied by 
Masonic organizations. It has three large halls for meetings, furnished in 
Corinthian, Egyptian, and Gothic st\'les, respectively. This hall was 
dedicated June 22, 1867, with a large masonic procession, in which President 
Johnson was conspicuous. 

The Odd Fellows have a handsome hall, four stories high, on corner of 
Tremont and Berkeley streets, conveniently arranged and economically 
managed. 

• The Grand Army of the Republic is strongly organized in Boston, and 
has 130 posts in the state, with head-quarters of the state department at 53 
Tremont Street. 

The militia of Massachusetts now ranks as one of the best military 
organizations in the United States. It is in two brigades, both of which 
have head-quarters in Boston. The Ancient and Honorable Artillery Com- 



So PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

pany is the oldest military organization in the United States. It was 
organized in 163S, and since 1639 the "election sermon" has annually 
been preached before the company, with the exception of five years, during 
Andros' government. The members still retain their ancient privilege of 
exemption from jury duty — a feature which induces many business men to 
join this company. 

Insurance and Banking. — Both life and fire insurance companies are 
well represented in Boston, where several large companies do a prosperous 
business. Among the prominent life companies are the Massachusetts Hos- 
pital Life Insurance Company, the New England Mutual Life, of Boston, 
the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company, of Boston, the Mutual 
Life, of New York, etc. The fire companies are numerous and well or- 
ganized. 

The banking business of this country had its initiation in Boston in 
16S6, since which the city has kept well apace with the progress of the 
times. Here are found many of the most reliable banking firms of the 
country. The formation of the Boston Clearing House Association, in 1S56, 
the second oldest of its kind in the country, marks an important era in the 
banking system, by which much time and labor is saved. The oldest sa\- 
ings bank in the country was organized in Boston in 1S16 as the Provident 
Institution for Savings. 

The use of safe deposit vaults, by which system is secured absolute pro- 
tection against fire and burglary, has been adopted within a few years, with 
very great advantage to the general banking business of the city. 

Markets and Exchanges. — Boston has many fine markets and ex- 
changes. Among the oldest and best known markets are the new Faneuil 
Hall market, uniler Faneuil Hall : the Quincy market, opposite Faneuil 
Hall, and the Boylston market, corner of Boylston and Washington streets. 
Prominent among the exchanges of Boston are the "Merchants," the " Com- 
mercial," the " Produce," the "Shoe and Leather," the " Furniture," the 
('Mechanics," the "Boston Marine Society," and the " Lumber Dealers" 
Association." 

Almost every branch of commerce- and business industry is well repre- 
sented in Boston by large, wealthy and enterprising firms. 



z 

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Woodworking Machinery, 



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AND 

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j^IDIDI?.ESS : 



CHASE & SON, 



236 Federal Street, 



Portland, Me. 



XJ- S». J^. 



Chapter X. 



SEA AND SHORE. 

Boston Harbor — Its Character, Dimensions, Channels and Islands — Its 
Influence on Seamanship — Nantasket Beach — Nahant — Point of 
Pines — Crescent Beach — Beachmont — Oak Island — Ocean Pier. 

Boston Harbor. — The development of Boston as a great commercial 
city, whatever stimulus it has received from other sources, has been very 
largely owing to the fact that it is situated on a splendid harbor. Its ap- 
proaches are easy and safe, there is ample width and depth at the various 
entrances, while the different roadsteads afford safe harborage and anchorage 
ground. The '' interior water space is large, but is divided by chains of 
islands into basins which offer sufficient room for the heaviest ships to ride 
freely at anchor and sufficient tranquillity for the frailest fishing boat." 

"As generally known Boston Harbor includes Dorchester, Quincy, and 
Hingham Bays. Besides Boston the lesser ports of Chelsea, Cambridge, 
Milton, Qiiincy, Weymouth, and Hingham are all situated on Boston Har- 
bor. The greatest length of the harbor is about ten miles and its width five 
miles. 

'• The entrance to Boston Harbor is between Deer Island on the north and 
Point Allerton on the south, between which points it is three miles and three- 
quarters wide. From the entrance to the main ship channel the distance in 
a straight line to the city of Boston is about seven miles. 

"The space between Point Allerton and Deer Island is full of islands, 
through and among which lead the various channels into the harbor. Of these 
there are six in common use, viz. : the Broad Sound channels, called re- 
spectively the North and South Channels ; Hypocrite Channel ; Black Rock 
Channel; Main Ship Channel and Back or Western Way. The Hypocrite 
Channel and the Back Way are used chiefly by vessels bound out. 

"Between the whai-ves of Boston and the sea outside of Boston Bay there 
are seventy-five islands and islets, fifty notable projections of the mainland 
with bays between them, some of which are the mouths of streams and there 
are a great many shoals and reefs which are exposed or upon which the sea 
breaks at low water. Between all these there are innumerable sub-channels 
more or less navigable, according to the stage of the tide and the rlraught of 
any object to be floated through them ; the rise and fall of the tide varies 
from eight to sixteen feet according to the age of the moon and the condition 
of the weather, and the tidal currents are apt to be strong and complicated. 
These circumstances not only make the harbor interesting because of what 
meets the eye of those passing through it or along its shore, but they give 



S4 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

the fleet nimbly-tiiniing boats a more marked advantage than they would 
otherwise have, and make close calculations and tact in trimming and steer- 
ing them of more obvious importance than they are in harbors with fewer 
elements of picturesque character. Add to this the further consideration 
that from the time of the first settlers the people in Boston have been much 
engaged in fishing ventures, not onl}- on the deep sea, but of a class to be 
pursued with boats of light burden, and the fact will be accounted for that 
there has always been an unusual interest among them in the modeling, Iiuild- 
ing, rigging, and seamanship of small craft both for commercial and for 
recreative use." 

Nantasket Beach. — The most popular seashore resort in the vicinity 
of Boston is Nantasket which has gained its reputation by a rare combination 
of nature and art. 

He who has once visited this beach needs no second invitation to repeat 
his excursion. It is for the benefit of the traveler from regions more remote 
that we here briefly set forth the attractions with which nature and art have 
endowed this spot, in order that he may not miss a most delightful day or 
month through ignorance of the enjoyment which Nantasket aftbrds. 

Nantasket Beach is a place whither the multitudes go for a sail, a dip in 
the sea, a genuine unadulterated breeze from the ocean, a walk on the long 
beach, a ramble on the rocks, and a concert by the band. From Boston you 
may reach the beach by steamer, or if you prefer, by rail, starting from the 
Old Colony Station on Kneeland Street. You pass through a picturesque 
country replete with historical associations, for several miles near the shore 
of the harbor. Qiiincy, renowned in earlier years as the home of Presidents! 
in later days as the centre of the public school agitation, lies upon this route, 
and upon the left may be seen Adams Academy. At Braintree the track 
divides, and following the South Shore Branch you pass through Weymouth 
and Hingham. Eighteen miles from Boston you leave the Old Colony, and 
by the Nantasket Beach Railway you reach the beach in about fort3-five 
minutes from the city. 

But most people prefer the sail. From most any part of the city you 
may take horse-cars that will carry you through Washington Street. At the 
corner of Franklin Street, take a transfer to an Atlantic Avenue car which 
will carry you to Rowe's Wharf, whence the steamer awaits you for Nan- 
tasket, one hour's sail. 

There are many points of interest to engage our attention by the way. 
We will note a few. Towards the north may be seen Charles and Mystic 
rivers unitedly entering the harbor. To the east may be seen East Boston, 
and in line with it Bunker Hill Monument. On the right is New Boston 
and South Boston. On a hill of the latter is Perkins' .School for the blind. 
Beyond these are City Point and Dorchester. On the left a spindle marks 
the spot where Bird Island formerly stood. Soon you pass between Castle 
Island on the right and Governor's Island on the left, on each of which is a 
fort and batteries. Now the bay grows wider. On the right you may see 
Thompson's and Spectacle islands. Far away to the left is Apple Island, 



PICTURESQLTE BOSTON. 85 

upon wliich a few elms may be seen. Beyond is the mainland of Winthorp, 
apparently connected with Deer Island, on which are the city buildings 
devoted to charity and correction. On the right you see Long Island, near 
the centre of which is a large hotel. Next you pass, generally on the right, 
a black pyramid called Nix's Mate ; then turn to the southeast, after a view 
on the left of the open sea. passing between Gallop's Island on the right 
and Lovell's opposite. Another turn and you are sailing past Fort Warren, 
which is on your left. A moment more and the Hotel Pemberton attracts 
your gaze, still towards the left. This is at the extreme point of the 
long and irregular peninsula of which Nantasket is a part. On the 
other side is Peddock's Island. Just before reaching here you may notice 
in the direction of the open sea two light-houses ; the one set up on poles is 
Bug Light ; the other, more distant, is Boston Light. 

After numerous twists and turns among the hills, shoals, and islands 
of the little bay, with a glimpse of Hingham on the right, you arrive 
at the wharf, \vhere thousands of passengers are landed every pleasant day 
during the season. 

As you pass up the wharf you see the Skating Rink on the right, and 
the station of the Nantasket Beach Railway on the left. Immediately in 
front, across the road, is the Rockland Cafe, and the Nantasket Hotel, both 
facing the Atlantic. Farther away to the right are two other large hotels, 
the Atlantic House and the Rockland House. To the left are hotels of 
smaller dimensions, scattered along the beach for a considerable distance, the 
Hotel Standish, Crockett House, Vine Cafe, Ocean House, etc. The high 
hill on the left, upon which are two boarding-houses, is Sagamore Hill. 
The desirability of this location for a siunmer home is manifest, and the Ijills 
on the right beyond the Atlantic House have been covered with rows and 
rows of cottages, while toward the left are several villages of a similar 
character, either on the beach or on the hillsides sloping towards the harbor. 
You are now near that end of Nantasket Beach which is joined to the main 
land. It extends in a northerly direction four or five miles, sometimes so 
narrow that von could throw a stone across it, again widening into lofty 
hills. It ends in the north with Point Allerton. Towards the west the 
peninsula extends a mile or so further, near the end of which is Hotel 
Pemberton. 

With these outlines one may easily keep his bearings. Passing from the 
wharf through or past the Rockland Cafe, you are at once upon the most 
beautiful beach in New England, where the surf rolls in, unbroken by rock 
or barrier, for a distance of four miles. At high tide the water comes nearly 
to the steps of the buildings which stand along the shore ; at low tide a 
dozen carriages may drive abreast upon the broad sand. The slope of the 
beach is exceedingly gentle and uniform. Here is no undertow, and bathing 
is perfectly safe. No small bathing-houses are seen here, but all bathing 
facilities are furnished at the hotels at popular prices. 

Here is ample amusement and refreshment for all. Even the invalid may 
take much quiet pleasure in beholding from the verandas of the Hotel Nan- 



S6 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

tasket or the Cafc' the roaring suif, the merriment and comical appearance of 
the batliers, the motley crowd promenading or driving on the beach, and may 
be invigorated as he sniffs the salt air, fresh with its journey all the way 
from Europe. Moreover, from the band stand in front, delightful music is 
discoursed for an hour or two every afternoon and evening, the long beach 
affording a most charming place for a stroll. If one prefers rougher walk- 
ing he has but to turn soutliward, and beyond the Atlantic House he may 
climb over rocks and boulders to his heart's content, or watch the breakers 
as they dash upon the rough ledges and into the numerous ravines. On the 
third promontory in this direction formerly stood Gunrock House, which 
was destroyed by fire. The rock itself is so called because near the end of 
the bluffthe water rushes into a ravine, often with the booming noise of a 
cannon. This shore is lined for a long distance with cottages of various 
sizes. Here are boats to let, affording opportunity for a sail either on the 
rough Cohasset in front or the placid Sea of Galilee in the rear. This sheet 
of water, known also as Lake Nantasket and Strait's Pond, has not always 
reposed here so peacefully. In the great storm of 1851, the ocean swept 
over the narrow peninsula at this spot. When the waters receded this lake 
was left behind. 

A delightful drive may be enjoyed on the Jerusalem Road to Nantasket, 
either by a hired team at a cost of one to two dollars per hour ; or for 
tweaty-five cents you can ride by one of the numerous barges, all the way to 
Cohasset, a distance of four miles, from which point are fine views of the 
surrounding country and harbor. In the centre of the village is the Green, 
on which stands the old church of the town, the Unitarian, built in 1713, 
and rebuilt in 1747. The drive is through a picturesque country, diversified 
by hill and valle}', rock and lawn, with frequent charming glimpses of the 
sea. Throughout most of the distance the road is lined with summer resi- 
dences of varying styles. Many of Boston's wealthy citizens have homes 
here which they occupy during the simimer. 

Another pleasant drive, which must, however, be taken in a private con- 
veyance, is along the beach, past Point Allerton, to Hull. A quicker route 
is via the Nantasket Beach Railway, which passes with varying course 
along the harbor till it reaches Pemberton Hotel, at the farthermost point of 
the peninsula. The practiced pedestrian may find a pleasant, though some- 
what tedious, walk, to the little village of Hull, of which are told many 
quaint legends. 

From Telegraph Hill, back of the town, are delightful views. From 
this point, if the tide is low, you can skirt the sea-wall and low lands 
until you again reach Nantasket Beach. - In front of the Point is a beacon 
which marks the spot to which the promontory once extended. This is 
one of the most dangerous points on the coast, and many are the wrecks 
which have here been strewn. Not a winter passes without several vessels 
coming ashore in this neighborhood. Here is a life-saving station, whose 
boats are manned by the haidy denizens of Hull, who have done excellent 
service in the saving of many lives. From the end of the point you will 



SS PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

enjoy the dash of the waves and the view over the wide expanse of waters ; 
from the hill-top a prospect of the harbor and long beach as well. 

Here you maj- enjoy your home lunch if you have brought one, either 
in some quiet nook, of which there are many, or in a hired room at the 
Nantasket Hotel at a small cost, or a good dinner may be purchased at fifty 
cents. The Skating Rink is found here, and other cheap amusements in 
abundance. 

Let no one fail to ascend at least one hill and enjoy the view. For 
the transient visitor the ascent of Sagamore Hill, justnorth of the wharf, will 
be found very satisfactory, as an extensive and beautiful prospect may be 
enjoyed from the summit. Of course the roof of any of the large hotels 
affords a fine outlook. From the Pemberton the view extends across the 
harbor, taking in Lynn, Nahant, Swampscott, and other places on the north 
shore, the islands, light-houses, and shipping of the harbor, the quiet inlets 
and shore towards the south and west, and the broad ocean. From the 
Atlantic house you have a magnificent prospect of Nantasket Beach and the 
Atlantic, as well as a distant outlook into the back country. 

Having spent a day here you are very likely to be tempted to prolong 
your visit to a week or a month. In that case you can surely be suited 
both as to price and accommodations. For a stay of a few days the Nan- 
tasket Hotel offers the most desirable accommodations, rooms from $1.50 to 
$3.50 per day, and board on the European plan. The Atlantic and the 
Rockland houses have each excellent reputations. The former has recently 
been enlarged by the addition of one hundred rooms, and now accommodates 
between four and five hu 'dred guests. The charges are $3.50 or $4.00 a 
day, or from $17 to $25 a week. This hotel is generally regarded as hav- 
ing the finest location, and is usually filled with a most desirable class of 
boarders. The Rockland House furnishes board at $iS or $20 a week. 
Other hotels accommodate a smaller number of guests, generally at a less 
price. Of these the Hotel Standish is conveniently located, and is said to 
provide an excellent table and coinfortable rooms at a charge of $10 or $12 
a week. The Crockett House has $8 or $10. There are several other 
hotels forther along the beach, boarding-houses on the top of Sagamore Hill, 
and hotels on the bluffs beyond the Atlantic House. Of the latter, the 
Waverley, though small, has an excellent reputation, so also has the New 
Pacific, and on Jerusalem Road the Black Rock House. Then there is the 
stately Pemberton, near Hull, a delightful spot, almost surrounded by water. 
The hotel is elegantly fitted and furnished, and is usually filled to overflow- 
ing. Not far away, on the edge of the village of Hull, are the Oregon 
and St. Cloud, patronized chiefly by guests who come for the season. At 
the foot of Strawberry Hill is the Sea Foam House. In some one of 
these establishments no one could fail to find a spot suited to his taste 
and purse. 

If one is here for the season he should not omit to visit Minot's Ledge 
Light-house, the most dangerousl}' situated of any on the Atlantic coast. It 
is at the end of a ledge which extends two miles out from the Cohasset shore. 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 89 

It rises from the water to a great height, but in heavy storms the waves 
break over the top. The former light-house was swept away in the great 
storm of '51 which created the Sea of Galilee. Two men in it were lost ; but 
the keeper, feeling that it was insecure, saved his own life by going ashore a 
few hours before it was swept away. The present structure was erected 
with the greatest care, has a partly artificial foundation, and is believed to be 
perfectly safe. Parties frequently visit it in sail-boats, and find much pleasure 
in the excursion. 

The Nantasket Beach Railway also affords opportunity for excursions in 
other directions. As it connects with the Old Colony Road two or three 
miles from the beach, you may take a train for Marshfield and visit the home 
of Daniel Webster, or go to Hingham and see the oldest church building in 
the United States, besides many other objects of interest. In short, there is 
nothing lacking to make Nantasket Beach a most delightful place for a sum- 
mer sojourn, whether it be for the day or season. 

"Across the bay, inland from Nantasket, and easily reached by sailboat 
threading the most delightful water-paths among the islands and headlands, 
in the old Qiiincy township, is the site of ' Merry Mount.' It was here 
that ' Morton and his ungodly crew,' the degenerate offshoots who caused 
the Pilgrim Fathers so much trouble and anxiety, held high carnival ; and 
their orgies at Merry Mount and Nantasket — for the Pilgrims considered 
their diversions as nothing better than orgies — often included both the 
nights and days of their existence, and illustrated every phase of human 
enjoyments, except, perhaps, the highest and noblest. One cannot help 
thinking, however, that Morton and his companions selected from the fittest 
when they adopted this beautiful section as their haunting-places ; for even 
at that early day, and many decades before the region became thickly set- 
tled in any part, its natural endowments must have rendered it peculiarly 
attractive. That it has been a centre of summer delights for upwards of two 
and a half centuries, and is in that respect the oldest ' institution ' of its kind 
(watering-place) in the country, is a fact which may excite investigation as 
to its claims and attributes ; and such investigation, if made in person, never 
fails to convince." 

"Looking southward from the beach, the islands, headlands, and main 
between which lie sprrad out enchanting bits of water scenery, stretch away 
inland to the Hingham, Weymouth and Quincy shores ; and winding in and 
about, following the tortuous channels or the deeper waters of the place, 
every variety of small craft may constantly be seen. The white tents of 
camping-parties dot the green hill-sides around, while grey old boulders and 
rock-patches, with their coadjutors the members of the dark fir tribe, lend 
enough of sombre coloring to relieve the otherwise excessive brightness of the 
summer hues in this section. Viewed from the summits or sides of Sagamore 
or Strawberry hills, which rise out of the Nantasket sands as though planned 
naturally as stand-points for outlooks, or from the Allerton headland, how 
grand the views on every side from this Queen of sea beaches ! " 



90 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 



Nahant. — Is a peninsula, rising, in the highest point, to 150 feet above 
the sea. It has a rocky coast and is connected with the main land by a long 
narrow isthmus. There is a fine beach here, one and a half miles long, on 
which the surf rolls in grandly, and in the vicinity are many natural 
wonders. Nahant is twelve miles distant from Boston, and four miles 
from Lynn. There are a number of small hotels on the peninsula, but it 
is mainly occupied by summer residences. This was the first fashionable 
sea-side resort in the vicinity of Boston. It is reached by steamer from 
Boston. 

Point of Fines, Crescent Beach, Beachmont, and Oak Island. — 
Along the Revere Beach (narrow gauge) line, from Boston to Lynn, nine 
and one-fourth miles, are several handsome summer resorts, which are favor- 
ite places for business men of Boston, because of their easy access. The 
trains starting from East Boston, connect with Boston by ferry, and run 
nearly every hour of the day during the summer season. At nearly every 
station are found hotels, and facilities for bathing. The most prominent 
places on this line are Point of Pines, Crescent Beach, Beachmont, and Oak 
Island. The Point of Pines is almost an ideal place for one who desires 
quietness with all the best facilities of a summer shore resort. 

The hotels and the grounds are kept in first-class order, and well equip- 
ped with the usual accompaniments of a good watering-place. The grounds 
are provided with a bowling alley, a dancing pavilion, a soda pavilion, an 
electric railway, a skating rink, long and wide plank walks, good bathing 
facilities, a band stand, etc. Surrounding the hotels is a pretty pine grove, 
which not onlv affords good shade, but also produces a wholesome fragrance 
to the atmosphere. Several small pavilions are found along the beach pro- 
vided with seats where one may enjoy the sea breeze in the shade. 

The other places of chief interest on the line of this road are Crescent 
Beach and Beachmont, located about a mile apart, and between them are 
situated two high bluffs, overlooking the bay, the top and sides of which are 
covered with handsome, new cottages. 

Between Beachmont and Ciescent Beach is located Ocean Pier, extending 
for into the water, from which boats run to Boston in summer, and upon 
which is located a large skating rink. 

Oak Island, located between Crescent Beach and Point of Pines, has 
a handsome grove, one large, fine hotel, and several small ones, and has 
jjood facilities for bathing. 










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THE 

ChildreD's Comfort ! 

(LECONFORTDESENFANTS.) 

This elegant compound, the result of many 
years' study of a learned PharmaciRt, is bound to gain a 
great popularity. Speaking of its active principles, 
that celebrated JPhysiciau, Trousseau, of Paris, says: 
" It is indi.speusable to bring up weak, scrofulous or 
rickety children, being in fact, a concentrated food 
and a powerful corrective of the bowels, which cannot 
fail to restore health and give the necessary vigor to 
l>as8 thront^h the teethin).^ period without danger." 

This active principle alone, would make the prepara- 
tion invaluable, but the particular care taken in the 
addition of select aromatics and cordials which have 
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giving a pleasant taste, causes a combiuatiou of all the 
necessary ingr^'dieuts to give immediate relief. 

The reasons for using the C'Uildren's Comfort in 
preference to any other medicine, are very simple. 
It is a Conceutrated Food. 
It IN an Elleetive Cordial. 

Il does away i^itli dan^erou!< Narcotics. 
It is SnIV aut) Reliable. 
Il leitves no preripitnte in tlie bottle. 
It Kelieve!4 Instantly. 

]t neeils iioe to be tshaken 
Before Administered. 
Therefore, JJURSES and Mothers may always be sure 
by simply following the directions, of giving an exact 
ipiantityof each ingredient; hence its superiority over 
all other mixtures. 

During the teething period it is especially necessary 
to subdue intlammation, soften the gums and allay 
the usual paius. If the child siiffers from Voinitinjs:, 
Diarrliaa. or Oyseniery, Ihe l'HIL.I>REN'S 
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give a healthy tone to tlie diye^tive organs. 

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For sale by Druggists and dealers in Medicine 

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Chapter XI. 



EDUCATION-THE CLUBS-THE PRESS. 

Kaklv Interest in Education— The Development of the School System — 
F'resent Condition — Harvard College — Other Educational Institu- 
I IONS — Libraries — The Clubs of Boston : The Somerset, Union, Algon- 
(y.iN and Others, Artistic Intellectual, Sporting and Technical — the 
Newspapers — The First Publications — Daily Advertiser Post — Jour- 
nal — Herald — Globe — Transcript — Traveller — Saturday Evening 
Gazette. 

In an eilucational, social, and artistic point of view Boston well merits 
its title of "the Athens of America," or, as Oliver Wendell Holmes once 
tlubbed her, the " Hub of the Universe." 

From the " davs that tried men's souls" grand fig-ures in the walks of 
libertv, philanthropy, and literature have seemed to be indigenous to Boston 
soil, but have no doubt been largely due to the interest of her people in the 
cause of education, vvlrich dates back to the earliest settlement of the colonv. 

Siiortlv after the settlement of the town, in 163^, we find the earliest 
record regarding the establishment of free schools, when Piiilemon Pormort 
was " intreated to become schole-master for the teaching and nourtering of 
children with us" This was the beginning of the present Public Latin 
School, which is the model one of the country. 

In the records of a town-meeting held in 1641, we find that Deer Island 
was ordered improved for a free school. A school-house was also erected 
on Spectacle Island in 1644, and one on Long Island in 1649, at an annual 
rental of the land for sixpence per acre. 

At a town-meeting held Dec. iS, 16S2, it was ''voted by y" inhabitants y' 
the said comittee with y* Select men consider of & pvide one or more Free 
Schooles for the teachinge of children to write and Cypher within this towne." 
In April, 1753, " it was voted by the said comittee first that Two schooles 
shall be pvided and agreed for Secondlie y' the Towne shall allow 35''' p. 
anil for each schoole for the present, & y' such psons as send theire children 
to schoole (y' are able) should pay somethinge to y' master for his better 
incouragement in hisworke." November 34, 1684, "Deacon Henery Allen 
and Capt Frary made a returne y' according to a former ord'' they had agreed 
witii John Cole to keepe a Free schoole to teach y° Children of the Towne to 
read & write for one veare from the i"' of this instant Nov', for which the 



94 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

Towne is to pay him lo''' in mony & 20''' in Countrie pay as mon}-, oral mony 
price." Thus was established what was known as the Writing Scliool in 
Qiieen Street, (now Court Street). 

Grammar Schools and Writing Schools continued to increase, till at a 
town-meeting held March 9, 1741-43, the Selectmen reported that, on the 
preceding 17th of June, they had visited the public schools "and found tlie 
said schools under a good regulation. The number of Scholars in each 
School were as follows, Vizt. In the South Grammar School Eighty Seven, 
in the South Writing School Forty Eight, in the Writing School in Qiieen 
Street seventy four; In the North Grammar School Sixty five : and in tlie 
North Writing School Two Hunilred." 

At a meeting held May 11, 1762, the salaries of teaclners for the ensuing 
year were fixed as follows : South Grammar School, master, £100 ; usher, 
.£60; North Grammar School, master, £"So; W'riting School, Qiieen Street, 
master, £100; master, £80: South Writing School, master, £100: usher, 
£50; North Writing School, master, £100; usher, £60; assistant, £34. 

Previous to 1789 no provision had been made for the education of girls 
in the public schools. From that time until 1S2S they were allowed to attend 
half a year, from April to October. 

At the beginning of the present century the attendance at schools had in- 
creased in double the ratio of the increase of population. It was then that 
the practice of naming new schools after distinguished citizens was inaugu- 
rated, and has been followed ever since. Of the 54 grammar and 464 primary 
schools now in existence in Boston each is named after some public-spirited 
citizen, as far back as iSi i when John Hawes made the first donation of land 
for a school. 

At the beginning of the present century there were in the town seven free 
schools, containing 900 scholars. At this time the salary of a master was 
$666.66, with a gratuity or allowance of $200. One-sixth of the whole 
town tax was spent for schools. In 1S20 an English High School was es- 
tablished, and in 1825 the Girls' High School. A Boys' Latin School had 
been established from the earliest times, but not until 1S78 was a Girls' Lat'n 
School organized. The Normal School dates back to 1853. 

It is not necessary to review in detail the steps by which the schools of 
Boston have come to be the models of America, and the school establishment 
the most complete of any city in the world. The last report of the school 
committee showed that in the citj' there was one Normal school with five 
teachers, and 124 pupils; ten Latin and high schools with 103 teachers and 
3,975 pupils; fifty-four grammar schools with 692 teachers and 30,840 
pupils ; and 464 primary schools with 464 teachers and 34,284 pupils ; mak- 
ing a total of 539 schools, 1,264 teachers and 58,323 pupils. Of special 
schools there were twenty-one, with 156 teacliers and 4,003 pupils. The 
annual expense of these schools was: Salaries of instructors, $1,242,088; 
Salaries of officers, $57,760 ; School expenses, $267,000 ; Total, $1,566 S48. 

The Horace Mann School is now in its twentieth year, and is designed 
to give an elementary education to the deaf, and to teach children who are 



PICTURESQL'E BOSTON. 95 

deaf mutes the use ot" ordinal y language. Any child over five years of age 
is entitled to admission. 

But the above schools by no means comprise the whole of Boston's grand 
system of education. There is a special department of music, designed to 
train pupils of especial tastes and ability in that art to a thorough knowledge 
of its theory and practice. Drawing is also made a special department, and 
such pupils as display artistic ability and tastes for designing are given 
opportunity for the highest advancement. 

Sewing is considered as essential a part of a Boston school-girl's edu- 
cation as reading and writing, and every girl is taught to make her own 
clothes, and to execute every variety of plain needlewoik. There are regu- 
lar hours of instruction in this branch, thirty teachers being emploved. 
The expenditure in this department in 1888 was, for instructors, $16,121.07, 
and for materials $100.03. Frequent public exhibitions of the work of pupils 
are given. 

The subject of Hygiene also receives great attention. Pupils are pro- 
vided with gymnastic furnishings and regular military drills are conducted 
by competent teachers. 

Manual and industrial training have received of late very marked atten- 
tion. Two hours each week every boy in the Latin and High Schools is 
instructed in carpentry and the mechanic arts. A regular instructor is 
employed at an annual salary of $1,200, and over $500 are expended each 
yearin stock and tools. The industrial school is provided with a machine- 
shop and all the appliances of carpentry. 

Another department of public school education which has of late been 
greatly extended and improved is that of cookery. There are now six reg- 
ular teachers employed, and several schools are fitted up with complete kitch- 
ens, so that every girl, rich and poor, is obliged to know how to cook a 
wholesome meal of every kind of food. There is a steady pressure of pub- 
lic opinion for useful as well as ornamental education, and every year the 
former is receiving more and more attention and increased appliances. The 
design is that every poor boy leaving the public schools of Boston shall be 
able to apply his hmds intelligently to useful labor, and thus be able to sup- 
port himself, and that every girl shall be able to perform the duties of house- 
keeping in the line of sewing and cooking for her familj-. In the introduc- 
tion of these practical special departments Bo.ston has set a successful and 
commendable example for the whole country. 

Boston is also the first city in the country to adopt the kindergarten as 
integral part of her public school education. For several years Mrs. Qiiincy 
A. Shaw, a persistent devotee of kindergartens had been developing schools 
in Boston and suburban towns as private schools, without aid, and with lit- 
tle encouragement. In May, 1SS7, she requested the Board of Education to 
investigate the value of the kindergartens and consider the expediency ol 
adopting them as part of the school system. The City Council was at last 
induced to appropriate $20,000 for the year 18SS-9, and upon its acceptance 



96 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

of the gift Mrs. Shaw turned over her whole kindergarten establishment to 
the city. 

There are now nineteen public kindergartens with 36 teachers and 9S4 
pupils. Children three and one-half years old and upwards are admitted, 
and one teacher is allowed for every twenty-five pupils. They are a great 
success and promise to be one of the chief departments of public school edu- 
cation in the future. 

As might be expected from her elaborate educational machinery, the pro- 
ficiency reached by pupils in the Boston public schools is correspondingly 
excellent. The regular course in the primary schools is three years, and in 
the grammar schools, four years. In order to be qualified as a teacher in the 
city schools a girl must have spent four years in the high school and have 
graduated from the Normal School. Taken together a girl is obliged to 
spend fourteen and one-half years in the public schools before she can receive 
an appointment as teacher in any regular public school in Boston. 

The Boston Latin School is as thorough as is the celebrated gynmasium of 
Germany. Here the regular course entitling a pupil to graduate is seven 
years. The Girls' Latin School is equally thorough in qualifying girls for 
entering universities. The high schools, both for males and females, aflbrd 
a liberal and thorough higher education, such as is not equaled in any other 
American city. 

While it is the intention to appoint all teachers from among graduates of 
the public schools, Boston is bound to have the best instructors, and hence 
in the selection of a few of the higher grades of special teachers competitive 
examinations are instituted, open to instructors from every part of the coun- 
try. The instructors in Jier higher schools rank among the most proficient 
educators to be fountl in America. 

As for general instrumentalities for education, the fame of Boston need 
hardly be stated. Harvard University, though located in Cambridge, is 
practically a Boston institution. It was founded in 1638, and received its 
charter in 1650, under which it is still governed. Four of its departments, 
the Medical School, the Dental School, the Bussey Institution and the Vet- 
erinary College are situated in Boston. It has an income of about $600,000, 
and property estimated at $7,500,000. It has 170 teachers and over 1,500 
students. Its immense libraries employ twenty-six librarians. It has an 
" Annex," by which students not matriculated can enjoy its privileges under 
certain conditions in special branches of study. The Harvard Medical 
School is located in tlie Back Bay district, at the corner of Boylston and Car- 
ter streets, and has about one hnndred and fifty students. 

Boston University has its beautiful quarters on Somerset Street, near 
Beacon. It was founded in 1S69. Its School of Medicine is located on 
East Concord Street, near the City Hospital. This institution has graduated 
a large number of physicians, about one-third of whom were women. 

Boston College, under the direction of a father of the Society of Jesus, is 
situated on Harrison A\enue, next to the Church of the Immaculate Con- 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 97 

ception, and has buildings and grounds valued at $200,000. It has sixteen 
instructors and about seventy-five students. 

The Alassachusetts Institute of Technology, incorporated in 1S61, is one 
of the first institutions of its kind in America. Connected with it is a 
Society of Arts, numbering over three hundred members. It has a Museum 
of Arts, and a School of Mechanic Arts. There are ten courses of instruc- 
tion, each covering four 3'ears. In its rooms are found all conceivable 
appliances for the furtherance of its purposes, and it is perhaps the most 
complete school of arts in the world. Besides this institution there is the 
Massachusetts Normal Art School at the Deacon House, near Washington 
Street for the teaching of industrial drawing. 

The New England Conservatory of Music, under the direction of Dr. 
Eben Tourgee, is located at St. James' Square. It was established in 1867 
and is the best appointed and most exclusive institution of its kind in the 
country. In the musical and natural science line we also have the Lowell 
Institute, its lectures being patronized by the best scholars of Europe and 
America. 

Boston has several historical societies, the chief of which is the Massa- 
chusetts Historical Society, whose building is on Tremont Street. Its 
library has 2^,000 books and 5,000 pamphlets. This society is the deposi- 
tory of all kinds of relics of rare historical value, but chiefly in literature. 
It was founded in 1791- 

The New England Historic Genealogical Society has its rooms on Somer- 
set Street. In its 14,000 books and 60,000 pamphlets may be found the 
history of ancient New England landmarks and the history of all the earlier 
families that settled in New England. Its library is much resorted to for 
genealogical research. The society was incorporated in 1845. 

The Bostonian Society is another very useful historical society. It grew 
out of a club organized in 1S79 for the purpose of collecting and preserving 
historical records. Since 1S83 this society has occupied the halls of the old 
State House. Its collections are open to the public daily. Here may be 
seen maps of Boston from 1634 down to the present time, as well as many 
curiosities relating to the past history of the city. 

Boston's oldest library is the Boston Athenaeum, on Beacon Street. It 
has about 120,000 books, and a choice collection of sculptures, engravings, 
and paintings. It is a stock concern, none but stockholders having the 
right to its privileges, though shareholders may convey a limited privilege 
to their friends. Here is deposited the private library of George Washing- 
ton and many interesting book and newspaper relics. 

Of course the greatest and most useful circulating library is the Public 
Library, on Boylston, completed in 1838 at a cost of $365,000. It has over 
400,000 volumes on its shelves. It has branches in several parts of the city 
and suburbs. The valuable private library of Theodore Parker and those 
of several other noted citizens were donated to it, and it has also received 
thousands of valuable gifts in the line of choice engravings and literary 
treasures. The privileges of this library are free to all. 



yS PICTURESQ_UE BOSTON. 

Besides these libraries tliere is tlic State House library and numerous 
other technical libraries, such as those of the American Academy of Arts 
and Sciences, the Art Club, the Woman's Educational and Industrial Union 
and the Boston Natural History Society. The Young Men's Christian Asso- 
ciation at Berkeley and Boylston streets, the Young Woman's Christian 
Associations on Warrenton and on Berkeley streets, and the Young Men's 
Christian Union on Boylston Street all have good libraries, as well as free 
]5ublic lectures and classes for instruction in various branches. 

Among Boston's important educational agencies we must not forget the 
Museum of Fine Arts and its splendid building at Art Square and Dartmouth 
Street. Here one may study the whole history of art from its primitive ages 
up to the latest schools, through choice classified collections. 

We cannot close this sketch without referring to the Perkins' Institute 
and Massachusetts School for the Blind, at South Boston. It is a splendid 
monument to Dr. Samuel G. Howe, who began the education of the blind 
in 1S29 and ended in the splendid mansion of Col. Thomas H. Perkins, on 
Pearl Street. Here the celebrated Laura Bridgeman, lately deceased, was 
educated to her marvelous achievements. Here the first books for the blind 
in this country were printed. All the pianos and instruments used in the 
public schools, and in many private schools are tuned by its pupils. It 
usually has about 160 inmates, whose proficiency in music and several other 
branches is sometliiiij; wonderful. 

Boston has a great variety of private schools, the Chauncey Hill, corner 
of Boylston and Darmouth, established 182S, being the leading one. Her 
minor educational agencies are almost endless, and could hardly be stated 
and described in a volume. 



THE CLUBS OF BOSTON. 

The social and intellectual qualit) of Boston is largely expressed in its 
numerous clubs, of which there are more than in any cit}- in the United States. 
Boston has been frequently alluded to as the " city of clubs." But, instead 
of their membership being merely confined to rich people of luxury and 
fashion, they represent nearly all classes of peojDle, and cover the whole 
range of intellectual, social and lusthetic tastes. 

The most fashionable among the Boston social clubs, is the Somerset, 
situated on the brow of the hill on Beacon Street, overlooking the Common. 
Upon its site, once lived the famous painter Copley. The Somerset was 
organized in 1853, and is the ntost exclusive of the Boston clubs. It is the 
only one into which a member cannot introduce a friend, unless he is a 
stranger in the city, though it receives ladies related to members, for whom 
a splendid dining-room is supj)lied and other apartments for entertainment. 
To be a Somerset club man is a passport into the most exclusive of Boston 
society and secures recognition in the most fashionable clubs of other cities. 
Its dining-rooms and other apartments are superb, and its librarv very choice. 



loo PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

Its membership, formerly limited to 250, is now upwaitls of 600 and em- 
braces many of the old families of Boston. 

The Union Club, located on Park Street, was formed in 1S63. It prides 
itself upon containing more brilliant men in law and politics than any other 
club in the city. It is celebrated for its splendid dinners and accompanying- 
bon mots. Its first president was Edward Everett, and such men as Richard 
H. Dana, Charles G. Loring and Lemuel Shaw (son of the noted Chief 
Justice) have occupied the presidential chair. 

The Algonquin Club is the most cosmopolitan of all the city clubs. Its 
intent was to bring together representative men in politics, business, science 
and art. It difi'ers from the exclusive Somerset, and has none of the profes- 
sional class character of the Union, in that it has accommodations for its 
entire varied constituency. It also entertains the lady memliers of the club- 
man's family, who as honorary associates may invite their friends to sliare 
the advantages of the club. Its views and by-laws are progressive, and its 
liberal plan has brought into it representatives of the old families and some of 
the most distinguished professional and artistic lights of the " Hub." Its 
splendid building on Commonwealth Avenue is one of the finest club edifices 
in the world. It has a membership of 1,000, and prides itself upon having 
the advantages of all the other clubs combined. 

But perhaps the most popular of the city clubs is the Boston Athletic 
Club, on Exeter Street. It is a growth of the past two or three years, and 
first occupied its splendid building last December. It is provided with ten- 
nis courts, swimming and Turkish baths, a gymnasium, billiard room, and 
every possible arrangement for exercise, relaxation and comfort. All these 
in no way interfere with its equally complete reading and dining rooms. In 
short it provides for the whole physical, literary, social and artistic man. It 
is therefore not strange that its membership of over two thousand includes 
artists, lawyers, physicians and authors. It has besides " ladies' days," and 
makes a feature of its table d'hote dinners, which are served to members at 
7^ cents, within its palatial quaners. 

One of the most unique of Boston clubs is the .St. Botolph, which dates 
from 18S0. It is situated on Newbury .Street, and vsWi modeled after the 
plan of the Century Club in New York. Its particular feature is its Satur- 
day evening and monthly meetings, to which men eminent in literature and 
art are invited. Its gallery contains a choice collection of sculptures and 
pictures. It is noted for its musicales, " smoke talks" and theatricals. 
On Saturday nights and Sunday afternoons a stringed quartette not only plays 
a choice repertory, but also compositions by members of the club. These 
concerts are very popular and are one of the features of this peculiarly artistic 
club, whose membership is limited to men of literary and aesthetic tastes and 
pursuits. 

The Puritan Club, on Beacon Street, opposite the Common, is virtually 
a Harvard University club, or, as it is sometimes called, a post-graduate 
Harvard club. Its members are largely sons of old Somerset members, 
belonging to Boston's aristocratic club. Harvard men keep up their old 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. loi 

college associations in this club, and social ties are here continued among 
young lawyers, doctors, and business men who have been classmates. This 
club was organized in 1S84 and has some 300 members. 

One of Boston's most novel clubs is the Tavern Club,.on Boylston Place. 
It was started in behalf of good cookery by a few professional men. Wil- 
liam D. Howells was at one time its president, and its members are mostly 
lawyers, doctors, bankers, and literary men. At its famous dinners all stiH- 
ness is put aside, and boyish good humor is the prevailing spirit. This club 
has a sort of international chai'acter, and has entertained some of the leading; 
professional men of Europe. Many the inerr^' non-conventional dinner that 
has taken place within its unique quarters. Its halls are embellished in many 
styles and languages. It might be called an anti-dyspeptic club, where lit- 
erarv and professional men put themselves at ease. Its frolics are never 
made public, though they are all of a clean and elevated character. 

The Central Club is about fifteen years old, situated in the quarters for- 
merly occupied by the Art Club. It has always been very hospitable, and 
entertains more eminent professional men than any other non-literary club 
in the city. It is a very popular club among ex-governors, ex-mayors, 
editors, and prominent leaders in public affairs, and its social quality is of 
the very highest order. 

The above are the leading social clubs of Boston. To these might be ad- 
ded the Papyrus, which without any fixed home of its own holds monthly 
meetings, at which the leading wits and literary workers of the day are often 
found. Nor must the Boston Press Club be forgotten, which is located at 
1 2 Bosworth Street, and enrolls 230 names from among the newspaper and 
other daily literary workers on the Boston press. Besides these there is the 
Whist Club on Boylston Street, the elegant resort for expert lovers of that 
game from among the most prominent gentlemen of the city. Outside of 
the city limits there is also the Roxbury Club, and the elegant Country Club, 
located in Clyde Park, Brookline. 

Of artistic, athletic, intellectual, sporting, and technical clubs Boston has 
a great variety. The Art Club has one of the finest buildings in the city, 
located on the corner of Dartmouth and Newbury streets. For nearly 
twenty years it had no home, and few members. It now has over i ,000 
members. It is the centre of art feeling, and its exhibitions are a feature of 
Boston life. Its gallery is choice, and its library replete with art lore and 
gems. The hospitality of the Art Club is extended to the Paint and Clay 
Club, whose exhibitions are among the prominent art features of artistic 
Boston. 

The Channing Club is made up of a well-known intellectual and liberal 
coterie of distinguished leaders in the progressive thought-life of America, 
and was organized in 18S7. Its leading spirits are Unitarians, and member- 
ship is confined to only 100 laymen. 

The New England Kennel Club is located on Hamilton Place, adjoining 
Music Hall, its purpose being the study of thoroughbred dogs. Its exhibi- 



I02 PICTURESQLIE BOSTON. 

tions are largely attended by lovers of canine culture from all parts of the 
state. 

'^'-p Megantic Fish and Game Club controls the largest fish and game 
jjreserves in this country, situated in Maine and lower Canada. It has a 
large membership, among whom clergymen figure quite largely with other 
professionals. 

Boston also has a Camera Club, situated on Bromfield Street, devoted to 
amateur photography, and having a large membership, whose occasional 
exhibitions excite much interest. 

Musical and dining clubs in Boston exist almost without number. The 
former have merely places of meeting, and the latter enjoy their various gas- 
tronomic tastes in appointed hotels and among special caterers. Boston has 
no exclusively woman's clubs like the famous clubs in London, or the Sorosis 
in New York. The women are under certain rules entertained by some ot 
the regular clubs. Movements looking to the formation of women's chilis 
are, however, in prospect. 

It will thus be seen that the clubs as a social feature of Boston exceed in 
extent and variety those of any other American city. They serve to bring 
together people of similar tastes and aspirations. Club life does not invade 
the home, and is finallv destined to embrace both sexes and all classes and 
conditions of societv. 



THE NEWSPAPERS OF BOSTON. 

Boston may truly be said to be the home of the American press. Though 
early printing in this country is generally associated with Benjamin Franklin, 
there was a paper published in Boston many years before Franklin was 
born. The first paper ever published in America was issued in this town. 

On September 3^, 1690, a small sheet of four pages appeared. Its re- 
puted editor was Richard Pierce. It soon fell under the suspicion of the 
government and was suppressed as seditious. Of this primitive paper, only 
one copy is known to exist, and that is deposited in the State Paper office in 
London. 

But the first newspaper to become firmly established was the Boston 
News Letter, published April 24, 1704. It was a half sheet, made up of 
two folio pages. Its imprint states tliat it was " printed by B. Green, and 
sold by Nicholas Boone at his shop near the old meeting-house." John 
Campbell postmaster of Boston was its proprietor. The Ncxvs- Letter 
passed through many changes as to proprietor and printer. It was intensely 
royalist while the British occupied Boston, and when they evacuated the city 
in 1776 it ceased to exist, having survived seventy-two years. Complete 
files of this paper are preserved in the rooms of the Massachusetts Historical 
Society on Tremont Street. 

The Bostofi Gazette appeared Decemlier 14, 1721. It was this paper 



. PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 103 

that for a time was run by James Franklin, brother of Benjamin. Having 
incurred the displeasure of Cotton and Increase Mather in a paper published 
later, called the Nczv England Coitrant, James was sent to prison for libel. 
It was then that Benjamin, who had long been a contributor, took charge of 
the paper for a time. ' This is the only connection of Dr. Franklin with early 
printing in Boston, and much of the fame commonly attributed to him in this 
regard properly belortgs to John Campbell, the father of the American press. 

Up to the beginning of the present century many papers had been started 
in Boston, most of which were short-lived. As all papers had to be pub- 
lished "by authoril^- " such as espoused the patriot cause were usually 
confiscated and their publishers sent to jail for sedition. The fight between 
the royalist and the patriot press was a severe and bitter one. Chief among 
the latter was the A/assac//iisetts Spv which afterwards became the Jl'or- 
ccster Spy, and still exists. 

Out of the remains of several extinct weekly papers published early in 
the century T/ie Dailv Advertiser, the oldest daily paper in Boston was 
formed in 1S13, W. Clapp being the publisher, and Horatio Bigelow the 
first editor. This paper as it appears to-day has of course passed through 
several changes as to ownership and management, but it has always been the 
organ of a select constituency among the wealthier and more conservative 
classes. Its politics are Republican. It has never succumbed to any of the 
taking arts by which the modern successful newspaper is "boomed," but 
still continues in the even tenor of its ways, a sort of "gentleman of the old 
school " among the Boston dailies. It is now published by W. A. Barrett. 
The afternoon annex of the Advertiser, however, a cne-cent paper. The 
Record, is as frisky and sensational as its parent is sedate, and is a newsv 
and popular little sheet. 

The next oldest daily the Boston Post, was started in 1831 by Colonel 
Charles G. Green. Its building stands on the site of Franklin's birth-place 
on Milk Street. In its palmy days under Colonel Green the Post was one 
of the ablest Democratic journals in the country. It was for many years the 
standard paper for commercial news, and this, together with its editorial 
ability, made it a recognized authority among business men. But when it 
lost its founder it began to decline. In 1875 it was bought by the Rev. E. 
D. \\'inslow, whose crookedness in handling the stock soon threw the paper 
upon the Supreme Coiut in order to decide who its rightful owners were. 
Since then the paper has had a career of changes in its management, and 
uncertainty as to patronage. But since its reorganization in 18S5 it has dis- 
played much of its old time vigor and ability, and under its jjresent editor, 
G. M. Bacon, has a good standing. The Post is still Democratic, but not 
actively partisan. 

The standard Republican paper of Boston is the Boston Journal, started 
in 1833. It was originally published by Messrs. Ford and Damrell, and 
John S. Sleeper was its first editor. For over twenty years Colonel William 
Clapp has been its editor. Since i860 it has been published from 264 Wash- 
ington .Street. The journal is in many respects an excellently edited paper, 



I04 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

its typography and make-up being attended to with great care. Its features 
are all arranged in departments, with the method of a well arranged toilet, 
and it corresponds to its constituency, which is largely made up of syste- 
matic merchants and families of the old school. The yoitmal is an excel- 
lent commercial paper. It still adheres to the old four page "blanket sheet " 
form, with a supplement when an overflow of matter calls for it. It is also 
a good newspaper, but has not fallen into the new methods of journalism. 
It publishes morning and evening editions. 

Boston's two popular newspapers, of the modern '' hustling" order, are 
the Herald and Globe. The Boston Herald wa.% started in 1S46 as an 
evening paper. It was a small four-page sheet of five columns. But there 
was evidently room for it, and in two years it had starved out the Eagle and 
Daily Times. Its tirst editor and chief owner for some years was E. C. 
Bailey. It gradually came to publish a morning and then a weekly edition, 
though the latter was dropped in 1S51. Mr. Bailey finally disposed of his 
stock to R. M. Pulsifer, E. B. Haskell, and C. H. Andrews, who had been 
his employes, and this firm, of which Mr. Pulsifer was the publisher-in- 
chief, developed the paper into the leading popular newspaper in Boston, 
llpon the death of Mr. Pulsifer the paper fell into the hands of the remaining 
partners, to whom had been added John H. Holmes. Then Mr. Haskell 
retired, and the paper is now issued by a stock publishing company, of 
which Mr. Holmes is manager. For several years the Herald had no rival 
as a two-cent people's newspaper. Its circulation was as large as its enter- 
prise, and it had its particular field all to itself. It is a Republican-Inde- 
pendent paper, or as a latterly coined word expi-esses it — " Mugwump." 

The Boston Daily Globe came into the field March 4, 1S72, but not as 
a competitor with the Herald. It was started by Maturin M. Ballou as an 
independent four-cent morning paper, aiming at a high literary character. 
The following year Mr. Ballou retired, and in August Col. Charles H. Tay- 
lor was appointed manager by the stockholders. Colonel Taylor had a hard 
task before him to pull the paper through, but by dint of indomitable energy 
and ability, and the efficient cooperation of Cashier Edward Prescott, it was ' 
tided along under great difficulties till 1S7S. It was then that an entire re- 
organization of the Globe took place. It became a two-cent paper. Morn- 
ing, evening, and Sunday editions were published. New blood was infused 
into its editorial stafi", and the paper took a fresh lease of life. Soon the cir- 
culation, which had never reached above 10,000, went up to 30,000. By 
1 8S4 it had reached 50,000. Still many believed that there was no room for a 
successful rival of the established Herald. Yet in 1SS5 the circulation had 
reached 60,000; in 1886,90,000; in 1S87 a circulation of 120,000 was 
claimed, and in July, 1889 the Globe asserted that the figures for the daily 
edition were 147,382, and the Sunday 143,592 copies. The phenomenal suc- 
cess of the Globe, following almost in the same line with that of the Nexv 
I'ork World, is primarily due to the superior qualities of Colonel Taylor, but 
in a larger sense to the craving of the great mass of people for news, 
promptly supplied and attractively displayed. Throwing oft' all conserva- 



PICTURESQLJE BOSTON. 105 

tism of the older papers, the Globe has hesitated at no legitimate and proper 
scheme to interest and please the masses. As its manager affirms, it started 
vvitli no traditions and still entertains none. The Globe is straight Demo- 
cratic. Arthur A. Fowle is its able managing editor, and Boston's brilliant 
leader-writer, James W. Clarke, is at the head of its editorial column. 

Boston has two exclusi\ely evening dailies, the Transcript and the 
Traveller. The Boston Evening Z'raw.ycrz^/ was founded in 1830 by Diit- 
ton & Wentworth. Henry N. Button & Son published it until 1879, when 
a corporation was formed from the Button heirs. Its present editor is 
Edward H. Clement. The Transcript is Republican, but is elevated and 
independent in its views on all matters of public interest. It is a genuine 
type of the high-toned literary journal, and has a large circulation among 
the very best class of cultivated, disinterested and clean citizens. It is the 
standard journal of art and literary criticism, while its news columns cover 
the wants of its rather select and cultured constituency. 

The Boston Everting Traveller was the first two cent evening paper in 
Boston. It was started in 1845. The Traveller has weekly and semi- 
weekly editions. It was formerly a leading exponent of Republicanism, and 
is still patronized quite largely by Republicans and Prohibitionists. It is 
intended to be an elevated family paper, advocating the cause of temperance, 
education, and moral reforms. It is published at the head of State Street, 
where for more than a century papers have been issued. Its editor and pro- 
prietor is Roland Worthington, and its politics straight Republican. 

Of weekly papers the most venerable is the Saturday Evening Gazette, 
established in 1S13. It is now owned and edited by Colonel Henrv G. 
Parker. It is a large four-page sheet, devoted to the higher walks of litera- 
ture and education. It is Republican in politics, and is largely read in the 
old families of Boston. There are also the Budget, the Commonxvealth, 
the Courier, the Commercial Bulletin, the Beacon, and several other 
weekly papers devoted to class literature. The Pilot and the Republican 
are Irish-American organs, and the BritisJi American Citizen is the organ 
of the British-Americans. 

Of religious, scientific, commercial, agricultural, educational, social and 
other trade and class journals Boston publishes upwards of two hundred, all 
of which it would be impossible to mention in detail. In short there is little 
in the line of literature that does not find expression in some Boston periodi- 
cal publication. As a centre of mental and moral activity the "Hub" has 
no rival in America, and the "Modern Athens" well deserves its name. 



ESTABLISHED 1845. 



U 







t 

« 

^ 



George H. 



lUORRM S Co., 



MANUFACTURERS OF 



PrM ami LitlopiililG 

INKS. 



PRINCIPAL OFFICE: 



BOSTON. 



WORKS, NORWOOD, MASS. 



Hi 





(P 



^ 



' 146 Congress street/' 




Late Residence of the Poet Long- 
fellow, AT Cambridge. 



Chapter XII. 



THE ENVIRONS OF BOSTON. 



Cambridge — A Trii- There by Street Cars — Harvard University — Scenes 
IN Cambridge — The Washington El.m — The Lox(, fellow House — Brook- 
line — Chestnut Hill Reservoir — Somerville — Chelsea — Newton — 
Lynn — Swampscott — M arbleiie ad — Salem. 

The most important independent community in the vicinity of Bos- 
ton is the city of Cambridge. While the neighboring and adjoining cit- 
ies of Charle.stown and Roxbury have found it to their interest to become 
integral parts of the great city, Cambridge although as closely connected by 
physical conditions has so far chosen to remain apart. Nevertheless for all 
practical purposes of business or pleasure Cambridge is essentially a pait 
of that great community the larger portion of which is now included under 



io8 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

the name of Boston, and is so despite the fact of a separate municipal 
government. 

Cambridge's principal claim to distinction is that Harvard University is 
here located. Within its limits also is Mount Auburn ; the first of the kind 
and the model for all " rural cemeteries " in the country. Cambridge is 
reached from Boston by street cars from Park .Square or Bowdoin Square. 
From either of these starting points the cars cross the West Boston Bridge, 
and the view hereby aflbrded of Boston perched on Beacon Hill, the houses 
bordering on the Charles River together with the broad tidal basin itself 
forms a remarkably pleasing picture. The route then lies through Cam- 
bridgeport, among busy manufacturing establishments of various sorts, 
leaving which behind after a mile or more the way is bordered with 
residences seated among trees on green lawns. At the distance of about 
three miles from Boston the University is reached, and skirting the college 
yard by Hai-vard Street the car runs into Harvard Square. 

If the visitor wishes to make a pedestrian tour among the buildings of 
the university, the best place is to leave the car at Harvard Square, which 
extends along the whole western front of the college yard. Let us enter the 
college on the west side, by the main gate. The first building on the right 
is Massachusetts Hall, the oldest of the college buildings, first erected in 
1718, and used as a dormitory, but remodeled in 1S70, and now used for 
examination rooms. The building on the left is Harvard Hall, built in 1765 
to replace a former structure by the same name and is used for lecture 
rooms. Passing between these two buildings we come out on the Quad- 
rangle, which is a central green, dotted with trees, of the general shape that 
its name implies, and most of the college buildings are ranged along its 
sides. The building across the Quadrangle immediately in front of us is 
University Hall, used for the headquarters of the college authorities and for 
lecture rooms. It was erected in 1815. All the other buildings that directly 
abut on the Qiiadrangle are dormitories. The oldest one of these is Hollis 
Hall, which is situated next north from Hai-vard Hall. It was erected in 
1763. Hollis has sheltered many distinguished men in their student days, 
among whom were Ralph Waldo Emerson, W. H. Prescott, Charles Sum- 
ner, and Wendell Phillips. Next to Hollis, north, is Stought:>n Hall, 
erected in 1S05. Across the north end of the Quadrangle is Holvvorth>- 
Hall, erected in 1S12. On the east side between Holworthy and University 
Halls is Thayers Hall, erected in 1S70, then on the other side of University 
Hall is Weld Hall, erected in 1872. At the south end of the Qiiadrangle is 
Grays Hall, built in 1863, while between it and Massachusetts Hall on the 
west side is Matthews Hall, built in 1872. 

This takes us the entire circuit of the Qiiadrangle, but bj' no means in- 
cludes all the college buildings. Almost bordering on the Quadrangle at the 
southeast is Boylston Hall, the Chemical Laboratory erected in 1S57. Gore 
Hall, the College Library building, is in the college yard just beyond Weld 
Hall, and reached through the Qiiadrangle by passing around the south end 
of University Hall. Appleton Chapel, the University house of v^'orship, is 
situated in the north part of the yard beyond Thayer Hall. Sever Hall a 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 109 

fine dormitory building, is on the extreme eastern side of the college yard. 
Dana Hall, built in 1S32, and the Old President's House, both comparatively 
small edifices, are situated at the southwest corner of the yard outside of 
Matthews and Grays Halls. Holden Chapel, erected in 1744, stands in 
front of Stoughton and Hollis Halls. South of Holden Chapel stands Lib- 
erty or Class Day Tree. The only other buildings in the college yard are 
the president's house, a two-story brick dwelling, a short distance east of 
the library, and the Dana House, next to the president's house, but nearer 
Harvard Street. 

Outside of the College Yard are some of the most important buildings of 
the University. The new Law School, erected in 1SS3, the new Physical 
Laboratory and the Gymnasium are all in a bunch on the old Holmes estate, 
northward from the college yard, and fronting on Cambridge Street. 
Near by is the Lawrence Scientific School, while across the broad interval 
of Holmes' Field is Society Hall, where the Agassiz collections were first 
housed. Passing along the north side of the college yard, up Cambridge 
Street, the magnificent Memorial Hall is reached. This building was com- 
pleted in 1S76. It was erected as a memorial of the students and graduates 
of the University, who served during the Civil war in either branch of the 
service. The building contains the Dining Hall, the Memorial Transept, 
and Sander's Theatre. The Peabody Museum of American Archeology and 
Ethnology, and the Agassiz Museum of Comparative Zoology are situated 
side by side on Divinity Avenue, a short distance northward from Memorial 
Hall. These two museums will ultimately be combined in one grand 
museum. 

Besides the dormitories in the college yard there are a number of build- 
ings on adjoining streets erected by private parties within the past few years 
for the accommodation of students. The finest of these is Beck Hall, at the 
junction of Harvard, Main, and Qiiincy streets. Others are Felton Hall, 
corner of Cambridge and Trowbridge streets, the Hilton Dormitories on 
Harvard Street, opposite the college yard. Next to the Hilton Dormitories 
is the Holyoke House, a college dormitory erected in 1S71. Next beyond, 
on the corner, is Little's Block, also a private dormitory. 

There are many other interesting features in Cambridge, in the vicinity 
of the University, such as the Old Cambridge Baptist Church, the First 
Parish Church, the Soldier's Monument, the Common, the Harvard Boat 
Club House, and the Protestant Episcopal Theological School, and others. 
The Washington Elm, on Garden .Street, south side of the Common is one of 
the features of Cambridge that visitors are always anxious to see. In front 
of the iron railing which encircles the tree is a granite table with an inscription 
written by the poet Longfellow, which tells briefly the story of the tree. 
The inscription is as follows : 

" Under this tree Washington first took command of the American Army, 
July 3, 1775." The centennial of this event was celebrated with rnpph en. 
tbusiasm by Cambridge people. 

Henry W. Longfellow, the poet, purchased an old wangion P?} PratW^ 



no PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

Street in 1S37, and from that time until liis death occupied it as a residence. 
The house was built in 1739, and was occupied by Washington as his head- 
quarters in July, 1775. 

Mount Auburn Cemetery is about a mile and a half beyond the Univer- 
sity, and is reached through Brattle Street. Here was first put into effect 
the idea of surrounding the resting places of the dead with pleasanter asso- 
ciations than those that usually existed in ordinary burying grounds. 

The success was so great that it made the Massachusetts Horticultural 
Society, with whom the idea originated, the richest organization of the kind 
in the world. It was intended that pleasant scenery, with gentle lawns, 
beautiful trees and groves, with curving driveways and rambling paths should 
form an attractive spot with an aspect of peace and repose. The idea be- 
came very popular, and the example of Mt. Auburn found a follovs'ing in 
nearly every part of the country, while the celebrated burial place became 
one of the show-spots of Boston, where strangers were taken to behold 
what could be accomplished in the way of good taste. 

Brookline. — The town of Brookline is that beautiful section of country 
between Brighton on one side, and the South End and the Roxbury District 
on the other, and it extends from the near neighborhood of the Back Bay 
Fens for five or six miles southwest. Is it inhabited chiefly by wealthy 
families, and the whole town abounds with beautiful sylvan scenery and well- 
kept estates, so that to walk, drive, or wheel through it is almost like going 
through a park. The electric cars that run from the Providence depot, Park 
Square, run through Brookline, after passing the Back Bay Fens, until near 
the terminus at the Chestnut Hill Reservoir. That portion of Beacon Street 
in Brookline, a distance of between two and three miles, is constructed after 
the style of Commonwealth Avenue, a parkway in the centre, with driveways 
on either side, while bordering the road-side are green fields and pleasant 
residences. The electric cars run in the centre of the roadway, and the view 
of the city, either when going or returning, is superb. This electric railway 
brings the beauty of this magnificent driveway, with its fine outlook, within 
the reach of all. This avenue has been considered the most fashionable drive 
in New England. 

Chestnut Hill Reservoir is just beyond the terminus of the Electric 
Railway, and at the extremity of Beacon Street, and is in the Brighton Dis- 
trict, just beyond the bounds of Brookline. The grounds around the reser- 
voir are laid out as a park, and the scenery in the neighborhood viewed from 
the embankment, because of the diversity of hill and dale, the abundance of 
grass and trees, the general well kept appearance of everything, is extremely 
pleasing. The reservoir has an area of 125 acres, with a capacity of Soo,- 
000,000 gallons, and is two and a half miles in circumference. The large, 
picturesque looking stone building on the low level along the steam railroad 
tracks is the pumping station of the Boston Water Works. 

Somerville is a city of about thirty thousand inhabitants, east of 
Charlestown, and north of Cambridge, both of which places it merges into 
without any perceptible dividing line. The horse-cars run from Boston 



PICTURESQITE BOSTON. i,i 

through Charlestovvn to Soiiieiville, iiiul also reach tlie localitv through Cam- 
bridge. Soincrx ille is largely a residence section for people who work in 
Boston, and its nearest point is within two miles, in a direct line, from the 
City Hall. All parts of it are readily reached by the trains of the Boston and 
Maine Railroad, as there are two stations within its limits on that road — 
Somerville and East Somerville. The McLean Asylum for the Insane, a 
branch of the Massachusetts General Hospital, is located here. It was es- 
tablished in iS]6, through means of a bequest of $125,000 by John McLean, 
who also gave $150,000 to the Massachusetts General Hospital. The Asy- 
lum is run as a branch of the latter institution. 

Chelsea. — Situated at the mouth of the Mystic River, just north of 
East Boston and Cambridge, is the citv of Chelsea. It had a population of 
25,709 by the state census of 1SS5, and its present population is probably 
about thirty thousand. A ferry connects Boston witii Chelsea, and runs from 
the foot of Hanover Street, on Atlantic Avenue, tiie distance being less than 
two miles, and during the passage an excellent view is obtained of the water 
front of Boston, East Boston, and Charlestovvn, of the Bunker Hill Monument, 
and the Navy Yard. Chelsea is famous for its potteries, the principal establish- 
ments being the Lowe Tile-work, and the Chelsea Potteries. On Powder- 
Horn Hill is the Massachusetts Soldiers' Home. The United States Naval 
Hospital is also located here. Chelsea is like the other places in the near 
neighborhood of Boston, a residence section for people who work there, a nd 
its quiet streets and excellent situation adapts it very well for this purpose. 

Nev^ton. — The city of Newton embraces a beautiful region of country 
lying westward of the Brighton District, Chestnut Hill Reservoir, and the 
town of Brookline. It is mainly a place of residence, and has many separate 
localities. The Newton Circuit, a branch of the Boston and Albany Rail- 
road, makes a detour through the territory and reaches every localit)'. As 
trains run around the circuit in either direction almost every hour, and the 
time of the entire trip from Boston to Boston on any train, with stops at every 
station, is no more than an hour and a quarter, every part of Newton is 
consequently as easily accessible as the larger part of the suburbs of the city. 

Lynn. — Twelve miles from Boston, h\ the Eastern Division of the Bos- 
ton and Maine Railroad, is the City of Lynn. It has a population of about 
fifty thousand persons, and is the most important shoe manufacturing centre 
in the country, one-quarter of the entire population being engaged in this 
business, and the annual product amounts to more than twenty million dol- 
lars in value. The Boston Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad, from East 
Boston, also runs to Lynn, passing many popidar shore resorts. 

Swampscott is now a well-known summer resort, between thirteen and 
fourteen miles distant from Boston, by rail, and within three miles of the city 
of Lynn. Lynn, as is well known, is now the most important centre in the 
world of the shoe manufacture. A spacious, handsome, and shady avenue, 
running along the shore, connects Lynn with Swampscott, and for nearlj- a 
mile the elevated and rocky shore is studded with villas having fine grounds 
and excellent facilities for boating and sea-bathing at their doors. Swamp- 



112 PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 

scott is on the north side of Nahant Bay. Following the loaJ along the 
shore, beyond the fishermen's houses, the promontory of Lincoln Point is 
reached. On this point is a hotel, the Lincoln House, and from here may 
be seen the peninsula of Nahant, to the south, with Egg Rock in the fore- 
ground, while along the shores of the bay intervening, are many stretches of 
beach with residences picturesquely situated on elevated points. Near Lin- 
coln's Point is Whale's Beach, and just beyond, to the eastward, at the 
extremity of a point of land is Dread's Ledge. This is a wicked-looking 
shore, and the surrounding waters are thickly strewn with sunken rocks. 
Here several vessels have been lost. 

At Beach Bluff", on Phillips Beach, there are two hotels, the Upland and 
Hotel Preston. The bluff is about forty feet in height, and the hotels are the 
width of a street from its edge. On Marblehead Neck the most prominent 
object is the new hotel known by the euphonious name. Nanapashemet. 

The Marblehead branch of the Eastern railroad connects with the main 
line at Swampscott, and between there and Marblehead has stations at Phillips 
Beach, Beach Bluff', Clifton, and Devereux, all of which places are summer 
resorts. 

The largest hotel in Swampscott is the Lincoln House. Other hotels are 
the Oakland House, Little Anawan, Hotel Beacon, Beach House, Cliff" 
House, and there are besides, many boarding-houses. 

Swampscott has three beaches, known respectively as King's, Fisherman's 
and Whale's, which, though comparatively small in size, are yet admirably 
adapted for bathing. The water is said to be warmer here than at Nahant 
and Rye Beaches, and there is no undertow. 

Marblehead. — This is an old fishing town situated on two small rocky 
peninsulas, connected by a narrow strip of sand and pebbles. It is sixteen 
or eighteen miles from Boston. The town was incorporated in 1635, and 
was once the second place in New England in wealth and in the extent of 
its foreign commerce. The principal industry now is the manufacture of 
shoes. Marblehead is the scene of Whittier's poem, " Skipper Ireson's 
Ride." The beaches here are small and covered with pebbles. The long- 
est is less than a mile in length, and is the scene of Hawthorne's essay, " Foot- 
prints on the Sand," and Longfellow's poem, " Fire of Driftwood." 

Salem. — This city is sixteen miles from Boston, and is situated on a 
long peninsula between two inlets, northeast of the peninsula of Marblehead. 
Here the Massachusetts Bay colonists first located before establishing them- 
selves at Boston. A popular frenzy, known in history as the witchcraft de- 
lusion, prevailed in Salem in the year 16S2, and during the time of its con- 
tinuance, sixteen months, nineteen persons, mostly women, were executed 
as witches. The population of Salem by the last census was 27,598. The 
Eastern Division of the Boston & Maine Railroad passes through Salem ; 
a branch of the Eastern runs from Salem to Marblehead, one runs to Law- 
rence, and another to Wakefield, connecting there with trains on the Boston 
and Maine Railroad. A branch of the Boston and Maine also runs to 
Lowell. 




The Boston Type Foundry may be properly considered one of the 
landmarks of Boston. It commenced the manufacture of type in the year 
1817. Its present location is on the corner of Milk and Kilby Streets, 
where, on an average, a thousand pounds of type are cast each day. It has 
ever kept in the van, and been foremost in mechanical improvements. In 
1843 it developed and perfected the successful casting machine now in use 
the world over, entirely superseding the hand-process, and the only impor- 
tant invention in type-founding since the days ot Gutenberg ! It is 
justly celebrated for its large variety of original faces, both body letter 
and display, which are eagerly called for, nor only in this countrj-, but abroad. 
In 1886 it induced the Associated Founders of the United States to agree 
upon a definite base for the "Point System" of uniform bodies and height, 
and at once commenced castingon that plan, which, when adopted by all the 
foundries will ensure perfect justification. This foundry is an emporium also 
for the sale of every article needed by the printer. Here may be found, 
presses, paper-cutters, and printers' machinery of every description. 




WiiKKS OF THE NORTII DiGHTON COOPERATIVE StoVE CoMPAXY. 



Near the North Dighton Station of the Old Colony Raihoad, in South 
Taunton, Mass., are the works of the North Dighton Cooperative Stove Company. 
The company was organized June, iSS6, and work was commenced in the 
foundry in July of the same year. In the beginning only fifteen hands were 
employed, but the demand for the stoves and ranges turned out has increased so 
steadily that a continued and constant enlargement of the business has been nec- 
essary, so that at present about forty hands are employed. The first 3'ear about 
one thousand stoves and ranges were manufactured, but the last year — the 
third of the business — between three and four thousand were made, and they 
were sent not only all over New England, but beyond to many of the great 
business centres. New York, Buft'alo, Chicago, and San Francisco, — from 
these places supjjlying the retail trade in many sections of the West. They 
are superior in style and workmanshiji, and consequently the introduction of a 
few in a new locality soon creates a demand for more. The names by whiclr 
their different styles are known are, White Oak, Oak Leaf, and Live Oak ranges, 
and the Prize Oak Parlor Stove. The celebrated Almoner Ranges, also, are 
manufactured by this same enterprising company. It is for the interest of the 
company, in a business where there is so much competition, to have all the- 
work well finished and fitted, and as inatiy of the workmen are stockholders, 
they manage to turn out quite a superior grade of goods. The officers of the 
corporation are a board of seven directors, one of whom is president ; an agent, 
and a treasurer. The treasurer is Mr. Charles H. Evans, and the agent Mr. 
William B. Hathaway. 




Works of the Presbrey Stove Lining Company, Taunton, Mass. 

The oldest concern in the city of Taunton engaged in the manufoctiiie of 
stove lining and fire bricks, is the Presbrey Stove Lining Company, 212 Som- 
erset Avenue. The enterprise was first started in 1826, and is consequently 
one of the oldest establishments in the country in that line. The company was 
incorporated under its present name in 1S66. Three acres and a quarter of 
ground are covered by its works, which comprise eleven buildings, each devoted 
to some particular branch of the manufacture. The machinery is very efficient, 
and the appliances are of the very best that can be made available. The offi- 
cers are Mr. Henry T.Root, president, and Mr. B. C. Pierce, treasurer. 





The city of Providence 
has many special lines of 
manufacture, but none are 
more interesting than one 
conducted on the banks of 
the Seekonk River, corner 
of Waterman and East River 
streets, near the Red Bridge, 
in a peaceful neighborhood, 
quite away from tlie hum of 
business. Here, in commo- 
dious quarters, the American 
Ship Windlass Company 
constructs steam windlasses, 
steam capstans, improved 
hand windlasses and cap- 
stans, and these machines 
have been and are of such approved merit that they are in general use in t he 
best class of vessels, both in the government and merchant service. Attention 
is exclusively devoted to the construction of these machines, the methods of op- 
eration, the tools and appliances, and as a result the machines themselves have 
all been brought to a very high degree of perfection. The demands of mod- 
ern commerce require large vessels, and the labor of weighing the anchors of 
these monster crafts as compared with the former class of vessels is such that 



Providence Capstan Windlass. 




Providence Steam Capstan Wind- 
lass, New Style. 



Providence Pump Brake Windlass, New 
Style. 



the steam windless is a necessary adjunct, while its use saves much time and 
labor, as by its means two men can often accomplish work formerly requiring 
twenty or twenty-five. A majority of the steel and iron ships built in the last 
twelve years on the Atlantic coast and the great lakes are provided with this wind- 

)ass, m^ seyen-eighfhsi pj dU thp vessel^ of the country have them in pse to-day. 



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The Strangers' Guide. 



HORSE RAILROADS. 

The following- accurate syuopsis of the rutiuinir of 
the Horse-Cars throiiu'hout Boston is copied from 
the last editiou of the Boston Directory , 

During Business Hours, the FOLLOwrao lines 

RUN TO ROXBURT: 

Norfolk House, once iu seven minutes. 
Tremont Street, once in three minutes, 
Washington Street, once in tbfee minutes. 
East Boston Ferry, once in seven minutes, 
Atlantic Avenue, once in ten minutes. 
Forest Hills, ouce in fifteen minutes. 



By Temple Place, cars run to Grove Hall and Dud- 
ley Street every eitrht minutes. 
By Cornhill. Warren Street, Mt. Pleasant and Blue 

Hill Avenue every ten minutes. 
By Hampdeu Street to Oakland Garden every ten 

minutes. 
By Shawmut Avenue from Maine depot to Oakland 

Garden Avenue every ten minutes. 
By Shawmut Avenue to Post-Oflice square every ten 

minutes. 
By Colimibus Avenue to Post-Office square every 

ten -minutes. 
Harrison Avenue, from Grove Hall to Post-Ottice 

every ten minutes. 
Run to Beacon Street every four minutes. 
Run to West End Belt Line (from Northampton 

Street), every seven minutes. 
Run to Brookline every ten minutes. 
Run to Chestnut Hill every fifteen minutes. 
Run to Jamaica Plain every ten minutes 
Run to Dorchester, Grove Hall, and Town Hall, 

every fifteen minutes. 
Run to Meeting- House Hill and Geneva Avenxie, 

every fifteen minutes. 
Run to Field's Corner, via Upham's Corner, every 

fifteen minutes. 
Atlantic Avenue and northern depots, every ei^ht 

minutes. 
Dartmouth Street, every ten minutes. 
Chester Park Extension, every twenty minutes. 
Chelsea, via East Boston, every seven minutes. 
Chelsea Ferry, every fifteen minutes. 
Winthrop Junction and East Boston Ferry, every 

fifteen minutes. 

Cars Head of Franklin and Bedford Streetp. 
Run to Field's Corner, once in ten minutes. 
Run to Milton Lower Mills, once iu fifteen minutes. 
Run to Neponset, once In thirty minutes. 



<HARLESTOWN DIVISION. 

Bunker Hill to Mount Pleasant every ten minutes. 

From Scollay Square to Maiden, every thirty min- 
utes. 

From Scollay Square to Everett, every thirty min- 
utes. 

From Scollay Square to Charlestowu, every three 
minutes. 

From Scollay Square to Somerville, every ten min- 
utes. 

From Scollay Square to Winter Hill, every ten min- 
utes. 

From Scollay Square to Medford, every thirty min- 
utes. 

From Scollay Square to Woodlawn Cemettry, via 
Everett, every thirty minutes. 



CAMBRIDGE DIVISION. 

Stations in Bowdoin Square and Park Square. 

Run to Briffhtou once in thirty minutes. 
Run to Harvard Square once m five minutes. 
Run to Prospect Street once in fifteen minutes. 
Run to North Avenue once in ten minutes. 
Run to East Cambridtce once in fifteen minutes. 
Run to Cottage Farm once in thirty minutes. 
Bun to Mount Auburn once in fifteen minutes. 
Rim to West Somerville once iu fifteen minutes. 
Run to Arlingrtun once in thirty minutes. 
Run to Watertown once iu thirty minutes. 
Run to Newton ouce in thirty minutes. 

SOUTH BOSTON DIVISION. 

Station, 715 Broadway. 

Run from Brattle Street to South Boston every five 

niinutes, 
Post-Ofiice Siiuare to City Point every ten minutes, 
Between Northern and Southern Depots every ten 

minutes. 
City Point to Harvard Sqmre, Cambridge, via Park 

S(iuare. every ten minutes. 

LYNN AND BOSTON RAILROAD. 

Oflice, 13 Tremont Row. 
Passeng-er Station, 71 Cornhill. 

To Chelsea, via Charlestowu, every five and ten 

luinutes. 
To Woodlawu Cemetery (in summer) every thirty 

minutes. 
To Revere every thirty miuutss. 
To Revere Beach (in sximmer) every fifteen minutes. 
To Lynn and Swampscott, every sixty minutes. 

Sundays (m summer) every thirty minutes. 
Cars from Ljiin to Peabody and Marbleliead, every 

sixty minutes; to East Saugus and Cliftondale, 

every thirty minutes, 

CHIEF CHURCHES. 

New Old-South Church, Copley Sq. Rev. George 

H. Gordon. Italian Gothic. 
Park Street Church. Built lelO. 
Central Church. Newburn and Berkeley Sts. Spire 

236 it. hiffh. 
Church oi the Unity 9\ West Newton Street. Rev. 

Minot J. SavaKe. pastor. 
Union Church, Columbus Ave. and W, Rutland Sq. 

Dedicated 1870. 
Arlington St. Church (Unit.i. Public Garden, Rev. 

Dr. Brooke Herlord. Channingr's old society. 
Church of the Disciples, Warren Ave., South End. 
First Church. Marlborough & Berkeley Sta. Rev. 

Stopford W. Brook, pastor. First edifice built iu 

1632. Present chTircn, 1868. 
King's Chai>el, Tremont and School Sts. Built 1764. 

Once Ei'iscopal and Royalist. 
South Cong. Church, Union Park St. Dr. Edward 

Everett Hale. Society formed 1825. 
West Church, Cambridge St. Dr. C. A. Bartol. 1810. 
Church of the Advent, Episcopalian, Brimmer St. 

Rich choral services. 
St. Paul's, Treniout St., near West. 
Trinity Church, Copley Sq. Rev. Dr. Phillips 

Brooks. Famous frescos and architecture. 
Christ Church, Salem St.. North End, 172:1. Paul 

Revere's Hl^^J8l lanterns hiiug from tower. 
Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Washington & Maiden 

Sts. Early-English Gothic. Seats 3,6uu. Fine cho- 
ral services. Famous organ. Sanctuary choir. 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 



119 



Immaculate Conception. Harrison Ave. and Concord 

St. Jesuits. Celebrated muMic. 
First Baptist Church. Commonwealth Ave. Rev. 

P. S. Moxom. Noble carved tower. 
Union Temple Church (TremoQt Temple), Rev. E. 

J. Hayues. 
Coluuibus Avenue Church (Univ.). Rev. Dr. A. A. 

Miner. Built 1873. Fine stained windows. 
Tremont-Street Methodist, corner Concord Street. 

1863. 
People's Church, Columbus Ave. and Berkeley St. 
New Jerusalem Church, Bowdoin St. Rev. James 

Reed. 
First Spiritual Temple, Newbury and Exeter Sts. 



STATUES. 

Daniel Webster, front of State House. 1M59. 

Samuel Adams. Adama Siiuare. foot of Comhill, 1&80. 

John A. Andrew, in State House. By T. Ball. 

Aristides and Columbus, Louisburg- Sii. Marble. 

Army and Navy Monument, Bostou Oommon. By 
Milmore. lf*7!. Cost $76,000. 70 ft. high. 

Emancipation Group. Park Sq. Bronze. 1879. 

Edward Everett. Public Garden. By Story. 

Benjamin Franklin, at City Hall. By Greenough. 
186ti. With 4 bronze bas-reliefs. 

Lief, the Norseman, Commonwealth Avenue. 

Gen. John Glover Commonwealth Ave. By Mil- 
more. 

Alexander Hamilton, Commonwealth Ave. 

William Lluyd Garrison. Commonwealth Ave. 1886. 

Horace Mann, State House. By Emma Stebbina. 

Charles Sumner, Public Garden. By Ball. 1878. 

Geortfe WashiuKton. Public Garden. By Ball. 1869. 

GeorKe WashiuK-tou, State House. By Chantrey. 

Governor Winthrop, Scollay Sa. By Greenouph. 

Soldiers* Monuments in Uoxbury, W. Boxbury, 
Chatlestowu. BrlKhton, Dorchester, etc. 

Bunker-Hill Monument, Charlestown. 231 ft. bitrh. 
Built 1825. Cost $lnii.<ioo. Grand view from tbi>. 

Ether Monument, Public Garden. Raised in 1868. 

Brewer Fountain. Bostou Common. Bronze. 

Josiah Quincy. City Hall. By Thomas Ball. 1879. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS, ETC. 

state House (fronting the Common). Built 1795. 
Battle-fla^s and statues in Doric Hall. Senate 
Chamber. Hall of Representatives. State Li- 
brary. View from dome. Free to visitf.irs. 

City Hall, School St. Granite. Renaissance. Cost 
$600,000. Statues of Franklm and Qumcy. 

Custom House, State and India Sts, Built 18,'I7, 
Cost $1,000,000. Doric architecture. 

Christ Church, Salem Street, 

Post-office, Devonshire St. Built 1871. Granite; 
$6.00<i,ooo. Spleudid Sub-Treasury Hall. 

Fort Warren. Gt-org-e's Island. 400 guns. Built 1833. 

Fort Independence, Castle Island. First fort, built 
in 1634. Oldest virgin fortress in the world. 

Fort Winthrop, Governor's Island. Powerful 
citadel. 

Navy Yard. Charlesto^\Ti. Dry dock, museum, war 
ships, trophies. Visitors admitted. 

Ola State Bouse. Washington and State Sts. Fine 
historical museum. Open (free) from 9 to 5 daily. 

Faneuil Hall. " The Cradle of Liberty." [740. Fine 
historical paintings and portraits. Free. 

Old South Church, Washingt.ou and Milk Sts. Colo- 
nial and historical museum. Open i* to 5. 26 cts. 

Massachusetts General Hospital, McLean Street. 
Founded 1799. Vast wealth. 2,000 patients yearly. 

Perkins' Institution for the Blind, South Boston. 
Open Thursdays, from 11 to 1, to visitors. 

Quincy Market, opposite Faneuil Hall. Built 1825. 
Granite. 626 feet long. 

Equitable Building, Milk and Devonshire Sts. Cost 
$1,000,000. Grand view from rjof (elevator). 
Free. 

ASSOCIATIONS, ETC. 

American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Athenieum, 
Beacon St. Rare old library and portraits, 

American Board for Foreign Missions. Congrega- 
tional House. Beacon St. Museum and library, 

American TTuitarian Association. New building at 
Beacon and Bowdoin Sts. 

Ancient and Honorable Artillery Co. Founded 1638. 
Armory and museum, Faneuil Hall. 

Appalachian Mountain Club, Txcknor Buildinfc 
Park and Beacon Sts. Open 2.30 to 6, 

Massachusetts Historical Society, 30 Tremont St. 
Very interesting museuui. etc Free, 

New-England Historic-Geiiealotncal Society. 18 
Somerset St. 20,U00 books. Free 9 to 5 o'clock. 

Young Mens Christian Association, Berkeley and 
Boylston Sts, Reading-room, gjinuasium, etc.. 
Free and welcome to all. 



Young Men's Christian Union, Boylston St. Li- 
brary, reading-rooms. Free and welcome to all. 

Theoloifical Library, 12 Somerset St. U,voy vol- 
umes. 

U. S. Signal Service, Post-Olflce Building, BoHton* 
open from 8 .\. m. to 10 p. u. 

THEATRES. 

Boston Theatre, 539 Washington St. Largest lu 
United St:ites. Seats overS.OOiJ. 

Glol»e Theatre, 59H Washington St. 2,200 seats. 
Rich and brilliant interior. 

Boston Museum, 28 Tremont St Favorite Stock 
Company. Seats I.600. 

Park Theatre. 617 Washington St. Seats 1.400 

Bijuu Theatre, 645 Washington St. Elegant Ori- 
ental Interior. Seats yuo. 

Howard Athenaeum, Howard St, Variety. 

HoUis St. Theatre New and splendid. 1885 

Tremont Temple, Tremont St. Seats 2.600. 

Music Hall, Tremont and Winter Sta. Seats 2,685. 

CLUBS, LIBRARIES, MUSEUMS. 

Agassiz Museum. Cambridge. Natural History Col- 
lection. Open from 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. Sundays, 1 
to 5 P, M. 

Art Club. Newbury and Dartmouth sts. 1854. 

Central Club. M Boylston St. 1868, 

St. Botolph Club, 2 Newbury St., Literary and Ar- 
tists, 

Somerset Club. Beacon St. Very fashionable. 1862. 

Union Club. Park St. 1863. Bench and Bar, etc. 

Masonic Temple. Tremont and Boylston streets. 
Founded in 1867, Sumptuous halls. 

Boston Public Library. Boylston St., 480.000 books. 
Reading-room. Free. Open every day and eve- 
ning, including Sunday 

Museum of Fine Arts, Copley Sq, Paintings, sculp- 
ture, antiquities- Entrance, 26 cts. Saturday 
(9 to 5) and Sunday ( I to 5) free. 

Boston Athenseum, Beacon St., near Bowdoin, 150,- 
000 volumus, with statues, pamting.s, etc. 

Museum of Natural Histor>'. Boylston and Berkeley 
sts.. 16,000 volumes. Spacious museum. Fr«e 
Wednesdays and Saturdays. Founded 18;il. 



COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS. 

Harvard University, Cambridge. Founded In 1638. 

160 instructors. 1.400 students. 
Harvard Medical School, Boylston and Exeter sta. 
Boston University. Somerset St., '69. Professional. 
English High and Latin School. Montgomery St. 

Built I8al. Cost $760,000. Latin School, founded 

1633 
New England Conservatory of Music, Franklin Sq , 

Dr. E. Tourjee. 1.5U0 students. 
Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School for 

the Blind, Broadway, South Bostou. Open to 

visitors Thursdays at 11 a. m. 
Chauncey Hall School, 269 Boylston St. 
Massacl'usetts Institute of Technology, Boylston 

and Clarendi>n sts., 70 students. 
Tufts College (Universalist), Medford. 1854. 
Wellesley College, at Wellesley (Albany R. R., 16 

miles). Splendid buildings and y-rounds), 
Laselle Seminary, Auburndale (Albany R. R.) 
Adams Acaaemy, t^uincy (Old Colony R. R.) 



FERRIES. 

East Boston. South Ferry, foot of Eastern Avenue 
to foot of Lewis Street. 

East Boston, North ferry, foot of Battery Street to 
foot of Border Street. 

Boston and Revere Beach Railroad Ferry, 350 Atlan- 
tic Avenue to Marginal Street 

Chelsea Ferry, foot of Hanover Street, to foot of 
Winuisimmet Street. 

PARKS AND PUBLIC GROUNDS. 
no ST ON. 

Common. Park, Tremomt. Boylston, Charles and 

Beacon Streets, 48.25; cres. 
Public Garden, Charles, Boylston, Arlington, and 

Beacon Streets, 2-I.25 acres 
Fort Hill Stiuare, Oliver and High Streets, 29,480 

S(iuare feot. 
Franklin Square. Washington, East Brookline, East 

Newton, and James Streets, 2,42 acres. 
Blackstonc Square, Washington. West Brookline, 

West Newton Streets, and Sliawmut Avenue, 2.41 

acres. 



I20 



PICTURESQUE BOSTON. 



East Cheater Park, between Albany Street and Har- 
rison Avenue, 9,3U0 sqnare feet. 

Chester Park, between Harrison Avenue and Wash- 
ington Street, 13.060 square feet. 

Chester Square, between Washington and Tremont 
Streets. 1,7U acres. 

West Chester Park, between Tremont Street and 
Columbus Avenue, 10,150 square feet 

Commonwealth Avenue, from Arlington Street to 
West Chester Park, (mails), 9.86 acres 

Union Park, betweeu Tremont Street and Shawmut 
Avenue, 16,000 stiuare feet. 

Worcester Square, between Washington Street and 
Harrison Avenue. 16,000 square feet 

Lowell Square, (.lambridge and Lynde Streets, 6,772 
square feet. 

Square, Columbus Avenne, Eliot and Pleasant 
Streets, a,867 siiuare feet. 

Montgomery Siiuare, Tremont, Clarendon, and 
Montgomery Streets, 650 siiuare feet 

Pemberton Siiuare, between Tremout Row and Som- 
erset Street, 3,390 siiuare feet 

Copley Square, between Huntington Avenue, Boyl- 
ston and Dartmouth Streets. aS, 399 square f. et 

Trinity Triangle, between Huntington Avenue, 
Triuity Place, and St. James Avenue, 6.410 square 
feet. 

Charles River Embankment, between Canal and 
West Boston Bridges, lo.oo acres. 

ROXBURY DISTRICT. 

Madison Square, Sterling, Marble, Warwick, and 
Westminster Streets, 2.81 acres 

Orchard Park, Chadwlck, Orchard Park, and Yeoman 
Sti eets, 2. 29 acres. 

Washington Park, Dale and Balnbridge Streets. 9 09 
acres. 

Longwood Park, Park and Austin Streets. 21,000 
square feet. 

Walnut Park, betweeu Washington Street and Wal- 
nut Avenue. 5.736 square feet. 

Lewie Park, Highland Street and Highland Avenue, 
6,600 square feet. 

Bromley Park, from Albert to Biikford Street, 20.976 
square feet. 

Fouutain Square. Walnut Avenue, from Munroe to 
Townaeud Street, 2.66 acres 

Cedar Square. Cedar Street, between Juniper and 
Thornton Streets, 26,163 siiuare feet. 

Linwooil Park, Centre and Linwood, 3,625 sqnare (eet 

Public Ground, Centre and Perkins Streets, 3,200 
square feet. 

Kiverdale and Back Bay, between Beacon and Per- 
kins Streets, 216.00 acres. 

SOUTH BO.STON. 

Telegraph Hill, Thomas Park, 4.36 acres 
Independence Siiuare, Broadway, Second, M, and N 

Streets, 6.60 acres. 
Lincoln Square, Emerson, Fourth, and M Streets 

9,610 square feet. 
Marine Park, City Point, about 40 acres. 



DORCHESTER DISTRICT. 

Dorchester Square, Meeting House Hill, 1.29 acres 
tatou Siiuare. Adams and Bowdoin Streets, 13,280 
square feet. 

Mt.BowdoiuGreeu, top of Mt. Bowdoin, 26,170 square 
feet. 

WEST ROXBURY DISTRICT. 

Public arounds, shore of Jamaica Pond, S1,000 sqnare 

Soldiers' Monument Lot, South aud Central Streets 

6,870 square leet. 
Frauklin Park, Sever, Blue Hill Avenue, aud Morton . 

618 acres. 
Arboretum, Centre, South, and Bussey Streets, 167 

acres. 
Public Gniunds, top of Mt. Bellevue, 27,772 square 

Franklin Park, Franklin Avenue and Hamilton 

Street, 30,000 square feet. 

BRIGHTON DISTRICT. 

Public Grounds, Pleasant and Franklin Streets 1,900 

square feet. 
Massachusetts Avenue, Brighton Avenue to Cheat- 

nut Hill Ee.survuir, 47.13 acres 
Jackson Siiuare, Chestnut Hill Avenue, Union and 

\\ iiiship Streets. 4..S0O square feet 
Brighton Square, between Chestnut Hill Avenue 

and Rockland Street, and opposite Branch of 

Public Library, 26,036 square feet. 

CHARLESTOWN DISTRICT. 

Sullivan Square, Main and Sever Streets, 1.30 acres. 
Public Grounds, Essex and Lyndeboro Streets, 930 

square leet. 
Monument Square, High, Concord, and Lexington 

Streets, 3.80 acres, 
^^'■'io'l^."'' Square, Winthrop, Common, and Adams 

38,4o0 square feet. 
City Square, head of Bow and Main, 8.739 square feet. 
Public Grounds. Water Street, Charles River, aud 

Warren Avenue, 3,066 square feet. 



EAST BOSTON DISTRICT. 

Sumner and Maverick, 4,3! 



Maverick Square, 

square fei-t. 
Central Square, Meridian and Border, 32,310 square 

Beliuoiit Square, Webater, Sumner, Lamson, and 

heaver, 30,000 square feet. 
Putmau Square, Putman White, aud Trenton, 11.628 

square feet. 
Presiott Square, Trenton, Eagle, and Prescott, 12,284 

square leet. 
Wood Island Park, Wooa Island, 81,3 acres 







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HAS PERMANEINTI^Y l^OCATEI) AT 

No. 10 HOLLIS STREET, Boston, 

FOR TIIK TKKAT.MKTST OF 

CHRONIC NASAL : CATARRH. 

A CURE GUARANTEED IN EVERY CASE. CONSULTATION FREE. 

OFFICE HOURS FROM 9 TILL 12, 2 TILL 9. SUNDAYS, FROM 1 TILL 6 P. r 

M AQAI PATARRU ^^^ battled the skill of professions for many years. Many palliatives have been inautr- 
nHOHL UH I Hnnn urated; but not until my triumphant chemical discovery has it been pot^sible to say 
that Nasal Catarrh could be driven from the system. I have a complete and speedy cuke for this loathsome 
D18TEMPEH, which inav be classed amf)DK' the most subtile, destructive, and relentless enemies of Ihp human race. 

There is no pathematic of which more have undertaken the treatment, and of which leias have understood 
the first principle of the cure. Inhalers have been used, medicines have been tnken internally and exlernally» 
but no relief has been experienced b^' any catarrhal sutferer. Why? Because, as I have already stated, the 
primary cause of the disorder has never been understood ; the first principal of the discorafor t bad n^ver pre- 
eenied itself to those who tre*tted, or. rather, maltreated ii. The misg-uided sufferer has never been cognizant 
of the fact that the sordes (h filthy pellucid matter), and the parasites (minute animals which exist in and con- 
taminate the organs of smell) must be removed before a cure can be effected. The means for the removal of thH 
substance and the animal is my wonderful discovery, and is known to none of *he proft-ssinn, except through 
the medium of those wno have received treatment at my office, and the result, which is developed within a few 
weeks at the farthest, is in every case satisfactory. 

I would state, in addition, that all who are trying so-called cures for nasal catarrh, such as inhalations, 
patent medicines snuffed irom the palm of the hand in the nostrils. Turkish, sulphur, Kussiaii, galvantic, cold 
or hot water baths, are paving the way to deainess. (bv causing the closure of the Eustachian tubes), sore 
throat, asthma, consumption, phthisis, pulmonali-J, and death. 

By all these applications the dregs, feculence, sordes, coagulated matter, and animalcules which should be 
expelled from the nasal ducts, are, on the contrary, being driven in, clogged, and space formed fornew ac- 
cummulations. 

Catarrh is purely a local attliction, though it is treated by a horde of ignorant vampires ns a constitutional 
disease, inscience treats the symptoms of disease, and the symptoms of disease only. Science treats the 
germ, and the germ only. Ergo, upon tils principal I riave the destruction of the germ my specialty. The, 
germs of catarrh exists in the ubove-nam'd dregs, sordes and parasites, and when this germ is de-troyedthe 
disease dies, and cannot be renewed unless a new germ is formed. 

That the existance of foreign inspissated matter is the original cause of this ill is not the result of mere 
conjecture, has been demonstrated bv both analysis and synthesis. The disease of the Schneiderian membrane, 
like all other maladies, originates with a germ. There is no greater enjoyment of nature's triumphs, and no 
greater safeguard against noxious things of all kiu'is, than a healthy nose. I hold the world^s specific tor the 
cure of this terrible scourge which daily sweeps those from our midst who either in ignorance or want of en- 
ergy will mdke no efforts for their own salvation, or who are content with consulting charlatan adveniseis 
whose intentions are to palm off their injurious comoounds upon the too credulous catarrhal sufferer. 

My triamvirate is victoriously and triumphdhtly marching onward, overthrowing and slaying all previous 
theories and modes of treatment. 



i?.e:fe:e?.:bitoes .- 



RBV. W. D. LANGLOIS, S. J., Holi' Cross Collefje, 

Worcester. 
Skrot. hanger. Stations, Worcester. 
N. A, LOMBARD, 73 School Street, Worcester. 
J. F. DARLING, of Darling Bros., Contractors and 

Builders, Rochdale, Mass. 

Tlie 8oii ot lUr. I>Iai'iiii Barri GaiDt>«l 35 Pniinfliii 
Under Mrs. Ilr. De«'ey's Treatment. 

To the Editor of tht Gaiellf : - 

Sir— We are so thankful to Mrs. Dr. Dewey for cur- 
ing our son of a most aggravated form of Chronic 
Nasal Catarrh, that we wish, through the columns of 
your paper, to make it known to others who are 
afflicted with this terrible disease. We believe this 
successful treatment and Mr^. Dr. Dewey's skill 
saved our child's life. He had not breathed throiij^h 
his nose for several years ; the breathing passages 
through the nose were completely stopped up ; he 
was in the most uncomfortable and dangerous cim- 
dition. In less than fifteen minutes after receiving 
his first treatment he breathed free and naturnl 
through the nostrils; the expulsion of sorde was 
astonishing ; relief was obtained immediately. He 
has improved every day in every respect since Mrs. 
Dr. Dewey adminiptered her Catarrh Remedy. His 
weight has increased 35 pound.^ ; his general health is 
e.vcellent ; in fact he is a new boy. We feci that we 
owe Mrs. Dr. Dewey the publication of this testi- 
monial, and we give it, hoping it will do good wherever 
it is read. 

Mr. and Mrs. MARTIN BAKRI, 
14 Lincoln Square, 

Worcester, Mass. 

Note from Mrs. Dk. Dewey.— The above is another 
success which I am honestly proud of. The victory 
achieved is not only gratifying to my professional 
pride, but it gives me sincere pleasure to rescue one 
more catarrhal sufferer. My remedy is sovehkion : 
it has for its basis three necessary requisites, medical 



science, iihilosophical theory, and common sense ; it 
is active, penetrating and cleansing, dislodging all 
morbid secretions from the head and its membranes, 
and yet it is harmless to the most delicate constitution 
under all circumstances. 

Crovernor Claflin Adniiuisetred the Oath, 

[From the Boston Journal, Nov. »0, 18(19. 1 
For years I have suffered from bronchitis and 
catarrh, complicated with spasmodic asthma. 1 have 
steadily grown worse, notwithstanding I was under 
what was considered the best medical treatment that 
could be procured in Boston and Savannah, Ga. My 
breathing was so opprefcsed that the slightest e.xertlon 
rendered life a burden. The day 1 placed myself under 
Dr. Dewey's care, the 29th of October, 18t)9, my suffer- 
ings were beyond description. He examined me care- 
fully and admldistered his remedy. Happily for me, 
it was no sooner done than I found such relief as I 
never hoiied to e.xperience again in this world. From 
that day to the present moment I have gone on stead- 
ily improving, until to-day, my breathing is free, dis- 
tress has vanished, and I thank God again for the eii- 
.ioyment of fresh air in my lungs to invigorate and 
strengthen me. I am now now able to exercise freely 
without any oppression in breathing, and, in fact, I 
feel like a victim freed from the grasp of a relentless 
enemy. 1 am truly grateful that J ever saw Dr. 
Dewey, and placed myself confidently under his 
treatment. I give this statement voluntarilv as a duty 
I owe to those who suffer as I had to do. Yours with 
respect, 

CHARLES HINKLEY. 

Boston, Nov., 25, 1869. 
Suffolk, ss. Then personally appeared the said 
Charles Hinkley, and subscribed and made oath to the 
truth of the above statement before me, 

WILLIAM CLAFLm, 
Governor of the State of Massachusetts. 



flmefieaD Express Co. 

THE FACILITIES of the American Express Companv for tlie tninsnortition of 

\\ estern States and Canada, with 5,000 AGENCIES. 

Between New Yorl< or Boston, the Intermediate cities and the west SPECI-VL 
PP-r-^ro"^nl'l'^"', P'-^«sengers-are ri... by American Express Company, vVhich make 
l:>t:.i iJlK llJVJiL than possible by ordinary passenger trains. 

Shippers by American Express Companv secure the GREAT ADVANTAGF 
of QLTICK TIME, PROMPT DELIVERY 'and POSITIVE SECURITY agaii^si 
loss or damage. 

The RISK OF LOSS, damage or delay to parcels sent by American Express 
(-..mpany is greatly diminished by its perfected THROUGH PACKAGE TRUNK 

s\stpm 



system. 



The TARIFFS of the American Express Companv will always be as low as by 
any responsible Express. 

SHIPMENTS by the American Express Company are forwarded in charo-e of 
special messengers and only by the SWIFTEST TRAINS. " 



American Express Company 

can be remitted anywhere, and deposited in Banks in any city in the United Stales or Canada 

Cheap, Safe and Convenient, Issued for any Amount from $1 and Upwards, 



RECEIPTS GIVEN.-MONEY REFUNDED IF ORDERS ARE LOST. 

Orders can be Deposited in Bank same as Cheeks and Drafts. 

ORDERS SOLD AT NEARLY ALL OFFICES OF THE COMPANY IN THE UNITED STATES. 

S20.00 ii> $30.00 12c 

sso.ooio !«4o.oo lac. 

S40.0O to !$o0.00 .'. 20c.' 

For over $50.00, two or more Orders can be purchased. 



$11.00 to S0.OO .5c. 

80.00 to SIO.OO 8c. 

810.00 to $20.00 10c 



Are now issued Payable in all the Principle Cities of GRtAT BRITIAN 

IRELAND, FRANCE, GERMANY, HOLLAND, BELGIUM, ITALY 

NORWAY, SWEDEN, DENMARK. 



RATES KOR KOREION ORDERS, 
Not Over SIO.OO lOe 

.«2o.oo ;;.'.'.' 18c! 

830.00 23c. 



Not Over SIO.OO 33c 

" 830.00 .|3c. 

Over iSoO.OO Proportionately. 



Paid C. O. D.'u ol' S6.00 and nnder in currency, 15 ceniN, over tlie lines of this Company. 



J. M. ALLEN, 

PRESIDENT. 

W. B. FRANKLIN, 

VICE-PRESIDENT. 



J. B. PIERCE, 

SECY AND TREAS. 

F. B. ALLEN, 

2nd VICE-PRESIDENT. 



INCORPORATED 
1866. 

iimiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiminiiniiiiiniuiiiiiiii 




CHARTER 

PERPETUAL. 

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiii 



C. E. ROBERTS, 



MANAGER, 



35 Pemberton Square, Boston, Mass. 



We Publish the following Popular and Standard Bool(s, viz.: 

PICTURESftUE WASHINGTON, by Joseph West Moore. Price, $2.50; 
Gilt, $3.00. 

THREE DECADES OF FEDERAL LEGISLATION, by S. S. Cox. Price, 

$4.50, Cloth; $5.50, Sheep. 
PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS, a History of Rhode Island for 250 Years, by 

Welcome Arnold Greene, assisted by other prominent writers. Price, $3.00, 

Plain Edge; $3.50, Gilt Edge. 
Life of Gen. PHILIP H. SHERIDAN, by Frank A. Burr and Richard J. 

Hinton. Price, $2.50, Plain Edge ; Gilt Edge, $3.00. 

Lives of BENJAMIN HARRISON and LEVI P. MORTON, by Gilbert 

L. Harney and Edwin C. Pierce. Price, $2.25. 
Lives of THE PRESIDENTS, by Rev. H. VV. Rugg, D. D. Price, $1.50, 

Plain Edge; $1.75, Gilt Edge. 
GEMS OF ART, by Mrs. Chas. Walter Stetso::. Price, $3.00, Light Stained, 

Edge. 
Life of Gen. AMBROSE E. BURNSIDE, by Ben : Perley Poore. Price, 

$2.25; Gilt Edge, $2.50. 

AGENTS CAN ALWAYS SECURE PROFITABLE BUSINESS, CANVASSING 

FOR THESE BOOKS. 
Where we have no agent we will send copies of any of the above books by express prepaid on re- 
ceipt of price. 

J. A. & R, A. RBID, - Providence, R, 1. 



Walter M. Lowney, 



LOWNErS 



Chocolates! 



Best In The World 
«I.DQPer Pound, 
inElegan^--^, 

MErAL^^A> 



Br 

Mail 

"InOneAnd 

Two Pou N a 

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PACKAGESB/ExpREbS 

Retail Branch, 
-'West ST..BasTori, 



Bon Bons! 



l!KS 



Factory and Wholesale Salestoom, 

Nos. 97, 99, 101 and 103 Pearl Street, 



YOUR 0RDEK5 FOR FRINTINQ 50LK1TEC). 




Fes. 19, 1833. 



J.A.&R.A.REID, 

. . publisf^ers, . • 

Book^and IJob |- rinters aqd Klectrotypers, 

It, . M ■■■ C:I^S.TeM; .:. «t0i^S;E: . STREET', 

^^PROVibENCE, K. Imm^ 

One of the best equipped Printinq Offices in New England, with an immense variety of modern faces in jobbinq type, large 

fonts of body type for book work, and the greatest number of large presses in rhode island. 

NO ORDERS TOO LARGE NONE TOO SMALL. 



Thos. Hersom & Co., 

Soap Manufacturers 



-AND DEALER!^ IN- 



SPERM, WHALE, NEATSFOOT, PALM and CASTOR OILS. 



I wouia«-all particular attention to my best Soaps, namely: "BEST" "NORTHERN BEI^LR" and "CENTl 
NIAIj IjAIINOKY." These Soaps are euual to the best iu the market. They are made of Tallow, aud are free 1 
any adulteration. The "BEST" nnA "NORTHERN BELLE" are highly perfumed, aud therefore good for th« 
Toilet or Bath. Also, Manufacturers of 



NTEN- 

roir 



4t 



ITALIAN SAPONE," 



the beet granulated Soap In the market. Please give them a trial. Vi'e have couBtantly on hand 

GROUND BONE, OR BONE MEAL, 

which is absolutely pure. A conceded fact that Bone Meal has no equal as a fertilizer for Farms, Gardens and Lawns, if 

Sroj^ierly applied. We can give the beat of references from the most practical farmers and gardeners in our vicinity, if 
esired, as to its results. 



-ifish: isL^A^nsriD. 



Ne-w Bedford, 



Mass. 



PHENIX t IRON t FOUNDRY, 



Sole Manufacturers of the 




IMPROVED 



NACLE 
POWER 
PUMP. 



Also, Mauufacturers of Bleaching. Dyeing 
and Printing Machinery, for finishing Cotton 
Goods, and of general Mill Work. Cotton, 
Paper, and Husk Rolls a specialty. 

Fer Gean, Puller" ""d Pumpa, ■end for 
Cnialogue. 

C. R EARLE, Prest. and Treas. 

A. W. C. ARNOLD, Agent. 

M. W. GARDINER, Jr., Sec 



IHRS * Pop PIBPS. 



Their Brilliant. Pure Musical Tones, Perfect Action and Phenomenal Durability, make them Favorites wherever used. 

Ni) Place of equal merit, so Reasonable in Price. 

Our EASY PAYMENT PLAN places them within the reach of all. Write for VALUABLE Information. 



Bishop Scott Academy, f^^i 

roRTLAND, Ore. 

yov. 16, 1887. 
Mewi-a. Ivers & Pond Piano 
Co. Dear Sirs : The llano that 
Ifpurchased of you two years 
ago for ray school la In perlect 
order to-day. ItshownnoBlg'nB 
whatever of the rouch hand 
ling it has received at the 
hands of our pupils, who have 
need it continuously for prac- 
ticing and evening amusement. 
It haw been in almost constant 
use during that time. It keeps 
ni tuuf remarkably well, and is 
altogether the most satisfac- 
tory instrument we have ever 
UBed in our school work. 1 
should certainly give your Pi- 
anos the preference over any 
with which I am acqualnted.for 
Rchool purposes, being reason- 
able in price, extremely dura- 
ble, thoroughly reliable, and 
aatlBfactory Instruments. 
Very truly yours, 

J. W. HILL, Prin. 



Dana Hall, 

Preparatory School for 

Wellesley College. 

Weij,esi.ey, Mass. 

Nov. 30, 1887. 

Messrs. Ivers & Pond : In an 

experience of more than six 

years we have found your PI 

anos, for continuoiiw school 

firactice, more durable and sat- 
t^faotory than those of any 
other tlrm. 

JULIA A. EASTMAN. 

Pi-inclpal. 




Traders National Bank, 

91 3TATB St., Bokton, 

Feb. 18. 1888. 
The Ivera & Pond Piano Co., 
who have for many yeara done 
a large and constantly Increas- 
ing business with us. amount- 
ing t-o hundreds of thousands 
yearly, have given such erl- 
deuces of able business man- 
agement that I am warranted 
in expresning the oplni-.n that 
they are decidedly m progress- 
ive and at the same time 
conser^-ative and flnaneially 
strong and solid house ; further 
than this, from my personal 
acquaintance with them I am 
sure they are a highly honor- 
able hause, with the disposition 



ai well as the financial ability to 
carry out to the full all agreements 
they mav make. 

FHED'K 8. DAVIS. 

Prtsident. 



If You Want a Piano 



Write us. Wherever you live we will send one, 
GUARANTEEING it to suit you, otherwise to be 
returned to us, we paying railway freights both ways. 
We are one of the Largest MANUFACTURERS of 
FirslMJlass Pianos in the world. Grand Square and 
Upright, all sizes, styles and prices. Don't think it 
inexpedient to buy from us because you live one or 
three thousand miles from Boston. If you want a 
Piano, direct from the people who make it, at the very 
lowest price. Easy Payments if desired, write us and 
we will explain all. But few Piano Dealers sell our 
Pianos, because poorly made and low-cost Pianos 
pay larger profits. We refer to the Traders Na- 
tional Bank, Boston, as to our ability and disposi- 
tion to make good our word. Remember, we make 
it just as easy to deal with us as if you lived within 
ten miles of Boston. Write for information. 

CATALOGUES FREE 



New England 
'.'Conservatory.'.' 

BOSTO.V. 

Dec. 24. 1887. 
Ivers & Pond Piano Co. 
Oentlemen: There are now In use 
in the New England Conservatory 
of Music more than one hundred 
Pianfoi-tes manufactured by your 
Oompanv. Many of them nave 
stood the severe Conservatory 
practice ( about eight hours per 
.'ay) for more than Ave years. 
Not one has failed or been returned 
to the factory for exchange, but 
alt have given and are giving, good 
s.itisfaction, thus proving tne ex- 
cellent quality of the Instruments 
and the sterling Integrity of the 
manufacturers. _ 

E. TOURJEE. 



Peekskill Military 
Academy. 

PBKKSKILL, N. Y. 

Nov. 9. 1887. 
Messrs. Ivers & Pond Co. 
Dear Sirs: We have had two of 
your Pianos tn use for some time, 
and like them very much indeed. 
They have good wearing qnalitiea. 
and we expect to put one in our 
new school { Worrall Hall, a school 
for young boys ) in the course of a 
few weeks. 

Yours. 
Col. C. J. w RIGHT, 

E. 8., A. M. 



Farmington State Normal 
School. 

Fabjungton, Me. 

Nov. 7, 1887. 
Ivers & Pond Piano Co. 
Oentlem'^n: In reply to your favo- 
of the 4th, I am happy to say that 
your Piano gives perfect satisfac- 
tion. I am so well pleased with It 
that if I needed another. I should 
get one as nearly like it as possible. 
Yours truly, 
G. C. PURRINQTON, 

Principal. 



-(•IVERS & POND PIANO CO.-^ 



181 & 182 Tremoat St., Boston, Mass, { 



BRANCHES. 

1516 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
283 Main., St., Springfield, Mass. 



For the Pacific Coast : KOHLER & CHACE, 13T and 139 Port St., San Francisco, Cal. 



Spaulding & Tewksbury, 

613 ^Vtlantic .A.ve., 7 IBrooklyii !Bfi<ig-e, 

BOSTON. NEW YORK. 

Colored, White, Manilla, Wood, Pulp and Straw 

PAPER BOX BOARDS! 

FOR SQUARE OR FOLDING BOXES. 



White and Colored Lining, Poster and Manilla Stay 






! 



PAPER BOX MACHINERY, LEATHER BOARD. 

7. F. Spauldini,. I- G. TiiwKsiiuin. Benj. Spaulding. 

The Oldest and Largest Roller Casting Establishment in New England. 

ESTABLISHED 1859. 

WILD & STEVENS, 



^1 



MANUFACTURERS OF 



TOHTERS'lROIiIiERS 

ROLLER COMPOSITIONS. 






148 CONGRESS ST., BOSTON, MASS. 

Our Compositions are made from the best materials, and are of the finest quality. Samples sent 
upon application. Rollers for every style of press supplied promptly at reasonable rates. 



NOItOTUGK PAPER CO., 

Holyoke, Mass., U. S. A. 



Manufacturers of 



Animal-Sized, Machine-Dried 

Flatand Envelope Papers, 

RULED WRITINGS, MACHINE AND 
SUPER-CALENDERED BOOK. 



-ALSO- 



Enameled Book, Coated Lithograph & Label Papers. 



WEBSTER 




300(1 more Words and nearly 2000 more Illti'^tra- 
tions tlian any other American Dietiuniuy. 



WEBSTER IS THE STANDARD 

Authority in the Gov't Printing Omce, and witii 
tlie U. S. Supreme Court. It is reeommende.i 
by the State Sup'ts of Schools in 36 States, and 
by leading College Pres'tS of U. S. and Canada. 

It is an invahial.'le eompanion in every School 

and at every Fireside. 

Sold by all Booksellers. Pamphlet free. 

C. &. C. MERRIAM & CO., Pub'rs, Springfield, Maea. 



,.A.&.R.A.pEID, 

• f Book and Job IVPrinters, 
24 CUSTOM HOUSE ST.PROV.R.I. 



f 



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Ironworks. 



Iron and Wooden Bridges 
and Turn-Tables. 

Steam Boilers, Iron Castings, 
Bolts, Etc. 

R. F. HAWKINS, Proprietor. 

C. H. MULLIGAN, Superintendent. 

E. B. JENNINGS, Engineer. 

Springfield, ]VIass. 



CASCO BAY 

STEAMBOAT CO. 

U. S. MAIL AND PASSENGER LINE. 



-BETWEEN- 



'A 

N 



PORTLiAN 




?.•)• 



-AND THE- 



ISLANDS eF GASGO BAY. 



The Only Line Running to tlie Islands all the Year Round. 



This company oft'ers unrivalled facilities for transportation to Peaks', Cushing's, Little 

Diamond, Great Diamond, Long, and many other Islands, by their new 

and handsome fleet of Steamers, consisting of the 

FOREST CITY, FOREST QUEEN, EMITA, CADET, 
EXPRESS, MARY W. LIBBY . 

During the summer months a Regular Ferry is established, leaving the city nearly 
every half hour. 

This line runs in direct connection with Forest City, Rink and Pavillion, Peaks' 
Island, and tickets may be purchased with coupons admitting to them. 

Special Rates of Transportation for Picnics, Cottagers, Campers and others. 



C. W. T. GODING, Gen. Manager. 



0:^111© 



IWaine GentFal HailFoad 

Is tlae Oreat 'rtiorou.xgtifar© of IVIaine 

And is the only line running through the celebrated CRAWFORD NOTCH, extending 

through the most wonderful scenery of Eastern America to 

all resorts in the 

WHITE 
MOUNTAINS! 



And with its main line, branches, and connections, reaches a greater 
galaxy of Summer Retreats than 

Any Line in America, 

Iinolxxding IMt. Desert, :iVIoos©tiea^ci a^nd ttie 
I^angele^r I^cikes, F»olanca Sjar-ings, ISt. A.n= 
clre^ws, <St. Jotirx, HeLXxiekxz and irx£iny otlaers. 



In addition to other trains to and from Bar Harbor and the Provinces, it is over this 
line for 250 miles the J^Z. TING YANKEE runs, reducing the time between St. 
John and Boston to 15 hours. Finest JPuUman Cars on principal 
trains, both bvffet and vestibule. 



Portland, Mount Desert and Machias 

STEAMBOAT COMPANY. 



The Pioneer Line to Mount Desert, is also under tlie same Management. 
The Steamer "City of Rielimond," Capt. Wm. E. DennisoD, iilVi^^X^T^llrTulliiV^n'drrt 

day at ]1.00 p. M.,or on arr val ol train leavint? Boston at 7.00 i'. m., and returnintr, leave Machiasport at4 00 a.m. 
and Bar Harbor at 10.00 a. m., every Monday and Thur&day. 

THROUGH TICKETS can be obtained ai principal tioker oOlces lliroiishoiit the ronntry. Bostou and 
lYIaine, or fllaiiif Ct ntral ft iders give ruM iiartlriilarw as to Train Service, 

PAYSON TUCKER, F. E. BOOTHBY, 

•iencial Miuager, Portland, Me. General Pass. Agt., Portland, Me. 



GOLT'S 






r 




HAMMEBLESS DO UBLE BAliBEL SHOT G VN, 

--^10 AND 12 BORES.^v— 

COLT'S PATEMT FIRE ARMS MFO. CO., Hartford, Con n. 

1847 ROGERS BROS. Ai. 





Spoons, Forks, Knives, Etc. 

CAUTION. — Owing to the wide reputation and large sale of our goods, there have been inr 
later years various imitations of our trade-mark. Customers desiring our goods should see that 
thej bear the distinguishing mark 

"1847." 

This brand can be obtained of every first-class dealer in 
Sterling Silver and Plated Ware. 



MANUF.\CTURED BY 



Meriden Britannia Co., 



MAKERS OF 



FINEST SILVER PLATED WARE. 



WAREROOMS : 



46 East 14th Street, Union Square, N. Y. 
San Francisco, Cal. 



147 State Street, Chicago 
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*•-«- 



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MERIDEN BRITANNIA CO., 

MERIDEN, CONN. 

Gold and Silver Plate.fjEj 



; 




tbade-mabk. 
Wbtce Metai.. 




TEADE-MABK. 
NiOESL SiLVEB. 



Tea, Coffee, and Water Sets, Fruit Dishes, Candelabra, Epergnes, Cake Baskets 

Baking Dishes, Etc., Etc. 

SALESROOMS: 
NEW YORK. CHICAGO. SAN FRANCISCO. LONDON, Eng. 

<AUo, 8ee Opposite Page.) 



PATENT 

Sand and Vacuum Chamber. 




HORIZONTAL. 

Pat. May 1, 1888. No. 38aU7. 

For use on Driven Wells. Warranted 
to Stop Sand or Money Bedmded, 



-^>>-FROM-V-- 

Artesian and Driven Wells, 

By HAND and STEAM POWER. 

A permanent supply of water can be obtained entirely free from 

surface drainage and pollutions. 
Particular attention given to supplying Cities, Towns, and Villages 
Send for Circular. 

B. F. SMITH, 

38 Oliver Street, Boston, Mass. 



THE KELLER PIANO CO., 



Manufacturers of 



"tmm •:• mM^^^Mm. •:■ wism^, 



Factory, Home Office : 
BRIDQKPORX, CONN. 



NEW YORK WAREROOMS: 176 14th STREET. 



The best of material is used in the construction, making them attractive in appearance, fine singing , 



tone, price reasonable and are fully warranted. 



*»H- 



-♦-•4 



Bogrgage and Key EsTABLiaHSO 1846. 






CHECKS. 



JOHN ROBBINS, l( ^ BADGES* 

Manufacturer of Bagirage Checks and Badgesj Door/'^ 

Pew mid Chair Number Plates. MIIIUIRPDQ 



8 

•2P5 



i*-^*- 



DWIGHT C. ROBBINS, Man'r. 



144 Harrison Ave., Boston, Massi 



sit* 

-■=£ s 

3£M 



GEO. H. RICHARDS, Jr. & CO., , 

-^^ONE FLIGHT.-V-- 

Importers, Wliolesalers and Retailers. 



■*i^*i 




Diamonds, Watehes 

inilHHIinUIIMHIIIHHIIIUIMIIHIHUIIHIIIIIIIIUIIIHIHUHIHIIIIUNIIIIUItllHMHimittWHHHIIHIIIIUHinHIIIHIIIIIi 

JEWELRY, 

SILVER ® WARE. 



URGEST, FINEST AND BEST ASSORTED STOCK IN NEW ENGLAND. 

N. B. Goods for Fairs and Presentations. IjO"W"EST IPR^IOIEjS. 

I WBTEO B EBWITOWIIS. 

ZEPHYR FINISH, 
MADE FROM COMBED AUSTRALIAN WOOL, 

For Afghans, Carriage Robes, Slumber Covers 

And BLANKETS. 

Best Goods ever shoivn tn the United States. 




TRADE MARK. 



We have Shadings that cannot be found elsewhere. Samples sent to any address. 



SOLD ONLY BY- 



ISAAC D. ALLEN & CO., 

Si 31 Winter Street, Boston, Mass. , 



FairenBrotliiis Co., me mETjlLLli! SPBljIi} BEDS, 



No.4ArtizanStreet, 

NEW HAVEN Cobb. 



«.*S^ 



